tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8576457597597037262024-02-20T06:54:10.931-08:00Premium writing paperArgumentative Essay Topics On Gender EqualityAlivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-28996254262041712892020-08-25T01:54:00.001-07:002020-08-25T01:54:09.334-07:00Collection of Quotations about CourageAssortment of Quotations about Courage A brave individual is one who stands tall in the midst of misfortune, somebody who follows their feelings regardless of troublesome chances. You need a lot of mental fortitude to reattempt an errand after beginning disappointment. Here and there it can assist with hearing the expressions of others who have experienced emergencies and been fruitful at conquering impediments. At the point when issues pose a potential threat, perusing a portion of these statements of boldness can give you reestablished trust and a new viewpoint. Statements About Courage from Athletes There might be individuals that have more ability than you, however theres no reason for anybody to work more enthusiastically than you do. - Derek Jeter, resigned New York Yankees shortstop who won five World Series titles with the team.â It isnt the mountains ahead to ascend that destroy you; its the stone in your shoe. - Muhammad Ali, heavyweight champion fighter who challenged prejudice and other obstacles.â Mental fortitude Quotes from Politicians Mental fortitude is the stuff to stand up and talk; fearlessness is likewise the stuff to plunk down and tune in.- Winston Churchill It is just through work and agonizing exertion, by dreary vitality and unfaltering boldness, that we proceed onward to better things.- President Theodore Roosevelt Endeavors and mental fortitude are insufficient without reason and heading.- Presidentà John F. KennedyYou gain quality, mental fortitude, and certainty by each involvement with which you truly stop to glance dread in the face. You should do the thing which you figure you can't do. - Eleanor Roosevelt, First Lady to President Fraklin Delano Roosevelt. I discovered that mental fortitude was not the nonattendance of dread, yet the triumph over it. The daring man isn't he who doesn't feel apprehensive, yet he who overcomes that dread.- à Nelson Mandela There are no simple answers, however there are straightforward answers. We should have the mental fortitude to do what we know is ethically right. à -Ronald Reagan Statements about Courage from Writers History, regardless of its twisting torment, can't be unlived, yet whenever confronted with fortitude, need not be lived once more. à -à Maya Angelou, American author and artist who conquered a troublesome childhood.â Life shrivels or grows in relation to ones courage.â - Anais Nin It takes a great deal of fortitude to demonstrate your fantasies to somebody else.â -Erma Bombeck, American author and humorist.It is an honored thing that in each age somebody has had enough uniqueness and mental fortitude to remain by his own feelings.- Robert G. Ingersoll, Civil War veteran and speaker Mysterious Quotes About Courage At times, the most moving contemplations originate from individuals whose names and characters have been lost to history. That doesnt make the suppositions any less convincing. Here are a couple of mysterious statements about courage.â Mental fortitude isn't characterized by the individuals who battled and didn't fall, however by the individuals who battled, fell and rose again.Each time we face our dread, we gain quality, boldness, and trust in the doing. Genuine fearlessness isn't the nonattendance of dread however the ability to continue notwithstanding it. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-52926871691721952742020-08-22T02:52:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:52:22.552-07:00Chance of Success for E-Commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 wordsPossibility of Success for E-Commerce - Essay Example Around the globe, photography has become a developing enthusiasm among people. With the expansion of telephones with cameras in them, the quantity of pictures that a normal individual takes for every day can be anyplace between 20 to 50 pictures. These beginner picture takers additionally prefer to share their photographs with others yet don't have quite a bit of a stage for this. The point of ââ¬Å"eGallery.comâ⬠is to allow these people to show their photos and get perceived among others for their splendor. The intended interest group shifts from is up and coming youthful craftsmen to other sharp novice picture takers who simply want to demonstrate their ability to the world. To put it plainly, individuals all around the globe will have the option to utilize this stage with enrolled usernames. The site will offer three distinct kinds of enlistments, beginner accounts, fundamental expert records and first class proficient records. By offering restricted access to the beginner accounts, we anticipate that most clients should move up to one of the expert records to access more client transfer space and boundless transfers. The novice record and fundamental expert records will likewise have limitations on the extents of the photos transferred. To counter these limitations, the world class proficient record will be sans limitation with boundless photo sizes and extra room. Likewise, an additional online photograph editorial manager application will be accessible just to the world class proficient clients. This will target people who are keen on showing their work or people who acknowledge proficient photography and are keen on purchasing photos that intrigue to them. Google, Bing and Facebook advertisements will be utilized to convey the site name to the focused on individuals. The components that the site will use to have a compelling methodology for the site promoting are 4Ps for example value, advancement, spot, and items. There will be exceptionally soli d online rivalry from sites that have just been available in the market for comparable purposes, for example, ââ¬Å"deviantart.comâ⬠. ââ¬Å"deviantart.comâ⬠as of now centers around giving its specialty items to general society by buying them on the web. (Divider Art at deviantART.com). To handle our opposition, the site of eGallery.com will give a simple stage to utilize and furthermore give online photograph altering applications. The site will likewise give its essential expert and first class proficient records with liberated from cost publicizing of their photos. A SWOT examination has been directed to show signs of improvement point of view of the opposition and to investigate the site and its rival methodologies. The SWOT investigation has been given in this report. To work our center procedures, we would have the bank which would manage all the online exchanges of clients and purchasers. Then again, we would get a corporate record with ââ¬Å"box.netâ⬠to co unter the mass online stockpiling of all the photographs in question. ââ¬Å"box.netâ⬠has been an innovator in the field of giving proficient online answers for organizations which require capacity. (Straightforward Online Collaboration: Online File Storage). These will be our essential two specialists in the center to assist us with working our site once it is ready for action. A venture of generally $7000 will likewise be engaged with the set-up of the site. This will likewise include an installment of $500 dollars each time the site should be refreshed to meet new necessities. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-31174594676351124182020-07-27T09:04:00.001-07:002020-07-27T09:04:02.752-07:00Fanboying at the Career FairFanboying at the Career Fair Picture for me, if you will, all your favorite celebrities. These are people youre in awe of, people you follow on Twitter, people you hold as your role models. They are rock stars and movie stars and talk show hosts and the fabulous glamorous divas of popular culture. Got it? Now imagine that they all convened at one place to throw a huge concert, and afterwards theres a gigantic meet-and-greet. They come armed with free samples of their new music, t-shirts, posters, bracelets, branded water bottles. And they dont just want to meet youtheyre looking for people to go and work for them. People are dressing to the nines and lining up around the block to get in for the chance to talk, face-to-face, with these celebrities, trying to impress them, make friends with them, prove that theyre their number one fans. Get a picture of the pushing crowds and the buzz of excitement. Get a picture of the banners and posters advertising each celebrity, saying, Come to us! Come meet us! Were super cool! Get a picture of all the toys and candy and stickers everyone is giving away. Thats what the MIT Career Fair is like. All the rock stars of the science and engineering world came out to the Johnson Athletic Center looking for new friends to make. DropBox, Facebook, Google, Apple, SpaceX (more on SpaceX later)they were all there. And the line really did stretch all the way down to Mass Ave and around the corner. It took a long, hot hour just to get inside. Now, being a freshman, going to the career fair was kind of like being the twelve-year-old at your big brothers birthday party. Youre kind of cute and everyone smiles at you and gives you cookies, but in the end, most of the people are there for the cool kids: the upperclassmen and grad students with UROPs and past internships and industry experience and higher-level coursework under their belts. That didnt stop me and a good fraction of the freshman class from going to check it out anyway, because, hey, why not? Theres no reason to pass up a chance to chat up celebrities. I had a lengthy discussion with Aurora Flight Sciences about their work with CubeSats (Google CubeSats because CubeSats are really cool and there is a special place in my heart for CubeSats because I did a research project involving CubeSats during high school). And the fair was also an opportunity to learn about new and up-and-coming celebrities; for example, today I met Planet Labs, a start-up in San Francisco designing and launching nanosatellites (incidentally, also CubeSats!) for planetary imaging. They even had a super-nifty model (I think it was a model and not the real thing) to share: Which brings me to SpaceX. Ive been using this celebrities metaphor for the career fair but I think SpaceX actually qualifies for celebrity-hood. Theyre the first private organization to send a capsule to the International Space Station, and probably will be the first to take humans up. You know how when NASA multistage rockets launch, the depleted stages detach and just fall into the ocean or burn up in the atmosphere? SpaceX is working on reusable rockets that will fly back to the launch pad and land vertically (as they say, the current state of rocketry is comparable to throwing the airplane away every time you make a flight). SpaceX is quite seriously working on getting a colony on Mars, and soon. They are making history, and, oh, on the side, theyre YouTube stars. This video of one of their Grasshopper tests has upward of 3 million views: Do you see this? You know when you tried balancing broomsticks on end on your hand as a little kid? SpaceX just did that with a broomstick the size of a small skycraper, filled with sloshing fuel, and using rocket engines instead of hands. Now imagine that you had to take a broomstick falling out of the sky and catch it on your hand, balancing it perfectly, and slowly lower it to the ground. Impossible, right? SpaceX is working on making it happen for their reusable rockets.If you havent noticed, Im a gigantic SpaceX fanboy. And you should be too. So, to wrap it up, a summary of the career fair. At the cost of a half-day of time and forgetting to eat lunch, I got:1. A TON of free stuff. Im talking stickers, t-shirts, water bottles, posters, backpackseverything. I picked up a penlight from the SpaceX table and found out later that it wasnt just your typical, run-of-the-mill flashlightit was, in fact, much, much cooler because it projected this: 2. A lot of great advice about what to do with my freshman year. I asked every recruiter what I could do as a freshman to build the kinds of skills and experiences theyre looking for. Get UROPs, they said. Get hands-on experience. Join Design/Build/Fly or the Rocket Team. Heck, join both! Learn Matlab and SolidWorks. Get your hands dirty! Suffice it to say, Ive got a lot of things to get on top of (this will probably be the subject of a future blog post).3. Perspective. Getting out and talking to people really opened my eyes to all the possibilities and opportunites free for the taking, as long as I work towards building the skills and experience to be ready to work in the Real World. The career fair was a great reminder that one day (gasp) I am going to graduate and I will have to get a job and become a productive member of society, and I think its something I should keep firmly in mind as I go through my four years (+grad school, possibly) at MIT. But hey, Im just a freshmanwhat do I know? See you later, Allan Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-57282336045415101282020-05-22T12:17:00.001-07:002020-05-22T12:17:03.849-07:00The theme of Gender and Sexuality in The House on Mango Street - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 591 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The House on Mango Street Essay Did you like this example? The House on Mango Street, a fictional novel written by Sandra Cisneros in 2009, takes place in a poor city in Mexico. Esperanza, the narrator and the main character of this novel feels insecure about herself and feels like she doesnt belong in her neighborhood. The book shows how Esperanza has grown throughout the year. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The theme of Gender and Sexuality in The House on Mango Street" essay for you Create order Esperanza maturing from a young self-conscious girl to a strong self-sufficient women. As Esperanza learns new things, she notices the girls and women in her town are concerned about their beauty more than life itself. In their culture the women where taught that you must satisfy a man with your beauty and that looks are the number one priority.Esperanza would like to change the perspective that women have about themselves. Esperanza, is a young Latina girl that feels like she doesnt belong in society, but while she is in Mango Street recognizes the girls and boys live in separate worlds. Esperanza only has Nenny to socialize with, but is too young to be friends with her and is more of a responsibility than a friend. Someday I will have a best friend all my own. One I can tell my secrets to. One who will understand my jokes without me having to explain them. Until then I am a red balloon, a balloon tied to an anchor (Sandra 9). Esperanza describes herself as a red balloon, a balloon tied to an anchor, because she stands out from everyone else in her neighborhood, but is also in isolation from society. Until one day she finally meets two girls named, Rachel and Lucy, she can finally call friends. As Esperanza encounters new things as she comes across Mango Street she looks at the number of women that sit at their windows. She looked out the window her whole life, the way so many women sit their sadness on an elbow. I wonder if she made the best with what she got or was she sorry because she couldnt be all the things she wanted to be. Esperanza, I have inherited her name, but I dont want to inherit her place by the window (Sandra 11). Esperanzars grandmother was the first women that was trust beside a window. Esperanza knows she doesnt want to be in the same situation other women have put themselves into. The women sitting in their windows give Esperanza an understating of how womenrs decisions effect their future. Esperanza comes to realize that she doesnt want to put herself in a position of where shers looking out the window watching other women live there lives, while not living hers. Esperanza experiences that Mango Street is a male dominated society and how the women are being treated like second class citizens. In the movies there is always one with red lips who is beautiful and cruel. She is the one who drives the men crazy and laughs them all away. Her power is her own. She will not give it away (Sandra 89). The girls believe that being beautiful is one of the womenrs most powerful weapon. Esperanza grows to realize that power doesnt not come from beauty, but more from independence and strength. Esperanza observes that girls have trouble choosing between power or sexuality. This story is to show women that there is so much more in life that beauty. The beliefs that women have in the book is if they dont look beautiful, the women wont have a man. But Esperanza is different from the other girls, she believes in independence has more power than beauty does. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-89170215144783219602020-05-09T00:41:00.001-07:002020-05-09T00:41:03.727-07:00Human Progress in the Twentieth Century Despite Two World... The world in the 20th century went through the destruction of World War I and World War II and the hazard of a nuclear war in the course of the Cold War and coped to revolutionize themselves with essential developments within their societies. The world, as a whole, has advanced more than it has suffered during the turbulent 20th century because of the advancements of innovations and human right, despite the demolition of the two World Wars. The 20th century inflicted the greatest suffering to the world with the devastation of two World Wars. A political commentator and an author named Ann Coulter once assumed, ââ¬Å"We werenââ¬â¢t punctilious about locating and punishing only Hitler and his top officers. We carpetââ¬âbombed German cities; we killedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Invention of antibiotics in 1940s protected humans against various deadly infections. Consequently, the life expectancy of humans has increased during the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the life expectancy of humans had been around 50 years yet, near the end of the century, it increased to 78 years. Accordingly, the 20th century benefited humankind based on the growth of technology. The 20th century also enriched the human society by the advancements of human rights. In both the developed and underdeveloped nations, women took a greater role in society during this time. In the United States, women had a role of taking over the machines in the factory while the men had to battle in the war. However, when the war ended, men went back to factories, which compelled the women to lose this sensational opportunity of having a job in a factory. This loss motivated the women to fight for a greater role by attempting to attain their freedom and desired rights. Around the 1920s in the United States, women finally received their right to vote in national elections. In addition to women, minorities all over the world received greater rights and freedom and were able to enrich the society with their contribution. In the United States, despite the 13th amendment of the constitution freed all African Americans slaves in 1865, they continued to struggle to attain equal rights du ring the firstShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jim Crow s Counterculture1468 Words à |à 6 Pagesblues did not look at society from a national development point. 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DuBois Common Goal of Equality for African Americans The United States societal system during the 19th century was saturated with a legacy of discrimination based upon race. Cultivating a humanitarian approach, progressive intellectuals ushered in an era of societal reconstruction with the intention to establish primary equalities on the pervasive argument of human race. The experiment poised the United States for rebellion and lasting ramifications. The instantaneous repercussionsRead MoreEssay on The Enlightenment1246 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Enlightenment of the eighteenth century was one of these paradigm historical shifts, challenging the traditional notions of authority by investing reason with the power to change the human condition for the better. This ecumenical emphasis on reason and independent thought led to an explosion of change and development across science, philosophy, religion, and politics. 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The study of African Diaspora represents a growth industry. Slavery has been a common theme throughout history. To conquer the oppression and adversity usually set into place for those whom are forced to leave their homeland, resiliency is essential. Humanity has molded and shaped the progress of the world Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-8064122817347329222020-05-06T09:57:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:57:11.639-07:00A Critical Reflection on PSHE Free Essays string(125) " it may need to be approached gently as the aim is not frighten the children into thinking any stranger will take them away\." This essay will look at the teaching of an area in PSHE (Personal, Social and Health Education); the chosen area the essay will discuss is keeping safe. The essay will discuss how this aspect of PSHE can be taught and how it varies from the teaching of other curricula subjects. The national curriculum states an aspect of the PSHE curriculum as ââ¬Å"they learn the basic rules and skills for keeping themselves healthy and safe and for behaving well. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Reflection on PSHE or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠(QCDA 2011) In a school environment there are a number of policies that staff will follow to ensure that they can do everything they can to keep the children they work with safe. Severs (2003) looks at the responsibilities of the class teacher and the head teacher in insuring the childrenââ¬â¢s safety; the class teacher has the responsibility to follow the set policies and guidelines, ensure that the environment and resources are safe participate in inspections and risk assessments and ensure that any problems are reported straight away. Teachers will have a responsibility to keep the children safe when the child is in that school, but what happens when the child leaves school. A teacher may have the ability to protect the child in their classroom but all children should be aware of how to keep themselves safe at all times. This essay will look at the teaching of keeping safe and the following areas that may link with this aspect. Road safety, dangers of electrical objects, stranger danger, medicines in the home, hygiene and who can help you stay safe. The Institute for Citizenship (2000) looks at how PSHE and citizenship provide children with the skills, knowledge and understanding they may need to develop confident healthy and independent lives. It is important for all children to understand how to take care of themselves; or even just to be aware of how to stay safe when an adult is not right by them. On previous School Based Learning (SBL) experiences I have witnessed a year 1 class taking part in road safety exercises; the school carried out several assemblies on the importance of road safety, and the stop, look and listen method when crossing roads. In order for the children to experience this method and apply it to real life the class took part in a walk around the local area in which they all wore the florescent vests. When arriving at a road the children were told about the importance of using the pedestrian crossings and how before they cross the road they should always look both ways, and listen out for cars before they continue to cross. Robertson (2007) talks about how pedestrian injury is the second main cause of death for children aged between 5 and 9 years. Robertson also looks at the importance of reminding parents about the supervision of their children in road crossing and anywhere with traffic. When providing the children with road safety training the school could also provide the parents with the opportunity to attend. In the above description of the activity I witnessed just like any other school trip, the childrenââ¬â¢s parents were invited to take part. When looking at the teaching of PSHE I believe it may be difficult to teach it the same as other subjects; However when looking at the teaching of road safety there is the possibility to teach it imbedded in with another subject. Hayes (2010) looks at how teaching road safety can be linked with geography, maths, ICT, and art: for example creating warning posters. When teaching road safety there is the possibility to link with national curriculum geography; ââ¬Å"make observations about where things are located (for example, a pedestrian crossing near school gates) and about other features in the environment (for example, seasonal changes in weather)â⬠(QCDA 2011) After introducing the geographical aspects of their local area the children could begin to discuss why they think we need pedestrian crossings and why they think the crossings are positioned where they are. By developing road safety signs and warnings in art, the children can use their work around the school and in the local area to help share the importance of what they have been learning. Primary schools that I have attended both as a pupil and in earlier placement experiences have often had a road safety council, in which the council were provided with free equipment to hand out, such as florescent badges for coats and bags along with the florescent wrist bands. The council would help organise school assemblies and contests in which all children were asked to create posters demonstrating the dangers of roads and how to stay safe; when teaching road safety the school could do it either as a whole or as individual classes. Stones (1992) talks about how very little teaching on road safety takes place in school and when it does take place it is delivered through visitors such as road safety officers or the police. If teachers received some training from these sources on the issue they may be able to deliver more frequent sessions. When walking or playing in their local area along with road safety it is important for children to be aware of stranger danger. Many young children can be easily influenced and should be taught that if they do not know an adult that approaches them; then they should not talk to them as they may not be a nice person. Higton (2004) refers to an discussion he observed from a group of children about what they would do when separated from their parents in a shopping centre, he talks about the children making suggestions of asking another shopper when one child suggested that that person may be bad and take them away, the children then decided that they should ask somebody that worked in one of the shops for help. These children had developed an understanding of the stranger danger concept, but when teaching this subject it may need to be approached gently as the aim is not frighten the children into thinking any stranger will take them away. You read "A Critical Reflection on PSHE" in category "Papers" When looking for useful resources to teach stranger danger, I came across a book by Noel Gyro Potter, this book is called Stranger Danger and tells the story of a group of children who remembered what they were taught about stranger danger and chose to run away from the stranger, they then shared their knowledge with their friends, this book also comes with stranger danger tips that you can share with both children and adults. The book was full of pictures so may be useful in helping young children to understand. Children form a young age should develop an awareness of how to deal with the above situation and who the right person to ask for help would be. This area of keeping safe can lead to looking at who they can turn to if they need help. Wyldeck (2008) looks at the use of games to help the children understand how to deal with certain situations. She talks about reading out an incident and asking the children what they think they should do; Wyldeck talks about teaching the children how to call 999 by using a toy / disconnected telephone. In a classroom situation you can ask the children to work in groups to think of a solution to the emergency. Other useful tools for providing this knowledge could be role play. Teachers may feel it helpful to invite emergency services to the school / class to explain what emergencies it is necessary to call 999 for, and what to do when they call. Children may be aware of services such as the police and the fire service and how they help with bad situations, and therefore should be taught how to contact them. Along with gaining help from emergency services children should also be spoken to about who to go to if they are lost if there is no phone or emergency services nearby: for example asking help from a nearby neighbour that they know if at home or if in an area such as a shopping centre to ask somebody that works there to help. When teaching the children to stay safe it is important from a young age to inform the children about using electrical objects safely. Children will come into contact with electrical objects at home as well as school. Charlesworth (2007) talks about how the teaching of science can introduce the dangers of electricity; why it is dangers to play with objects such as toasters, why you should never place a metal object such as a fork into a plug socket. Many children will want to explore how and why things work, therefore it will be safer to teach the children in a safe environment rather than have the children investigate on their own and hurt themselves. Demonstrate safely and allow the children to use the electrical objects safely this may be a good way to help them explore but carry out the investigation under supervision. Explain to children that when they wish to plug an object in to ask an adult to help; or even demonstrate the importance of making sure the socket is switched off before they plug the object in. In any environment where young children will spend their time it is important to ensure that harmful substances such as medicines and cleaning products are kept in a secure place and out of the reach of children; children unaware of these products may ingest them and cause harm to them. Moyse (2009) looks at the use of speaking to nurses, using posters and leaflets and identifying resources such as teaching packages and the use of the internet. Children depend on the adults around them to make their environment safe for them. In many circumstances children may not have an adult at home that is capable of making their environment fully safe for them, therefore the school will need to do as much as they can to teach them the dangers and help make them capable of identifying and avoiding such dangers. The school can provide lessons that introduce warning signs and symbols, for example on cleaning products the sign for harmful. Children should be taught that medicines are for ill people and that they should not take any medicine unless an adult provides it for them. The use of role play in this situation may be useful as in the home corner children can be shown that medicines go on a high shelf or a locked cupboard so that they cannot harm babies and young children. The children can take part in a circle time session in which the teacher can ask the children ââ¬Ëwhy do we take medicine? The teacher could show the children bottles of harmful substances and ask them if they know what they are used for? Should we play with these liquids? In my last SBL experience the reception children would often help the teacher tidy the snack area, the teacher would show them that they used one spray of the cleaning product on the table and then wiped the table with the cloth and that once they had finished they were to wash their hands in order to get rid of the cleaning product on their hands. The teacher would role model this as she ensured she was in the habit of washing her hands after cleaning. In one incident a child asked the teacher why the cleaning lady wore gloves top clean, the teacher told her that the teacher has to clean lots of different places and use lots of products and doesnââ¬â¢t want to get them on her hands because if she didnââ¬â¢t wash them properly when she ate her food she might eat some of the cleaning liquids and that isnââ¬â¢t very good for you. This child then suggested that they get a small pair of gloves for the person that helps to clean up. If the teacher explains the dangers to children clearly children may often come up with their own solution to the problem, by making suggestions the children are showing that they have developed an awareness of the dangers. The last area of keeping safe I will look at is the aspect of hygiene and the importance of keeping clean. In one SBL experience, I took part in an activity in which the teacher brought in a bowl of water, soap and paper towels the teacher then demonstrated to the nursery class how to wash their hands ensuring they washed all the creases. Each child then came up in small groups and washed their hands; the teacher told them how important it was to wash their hands after going to the toilet in order to get rid of germs. Mayesky (2011) talks about how it is important for adults in the childââ¬â¢s life to present good self hygiene in order for the children to lead from example; and that the children have the environment is equipped well to encourage good hygiene. Teaching children that being unclean can lead to illness; and that when they are ill they can easily spread germs and the importance of covering their mouth when they cough and using a tissue to wipe their nose. Encouraging children to wash their hands can be placed into the childââ¬â¢s school routine with ease. In one SBL experience I witnessed a class in which the teacher ensured they washed their hands before dinner, after any art classes and before and after any cooking activities. This allowed the children to develop a routine for washing their hands and keeping clean. . The following section of the essay will look at the possible difficulties of teaching PSHE. When looking at providing lessons for the keeping safe aspect of PSHE, I could think of areas of importance that the children should be taught however I was unsure of how best these areas could be taught in the classroom. The national curriculum provides very specific targets for curriculum subjects, and most curriculum subjects can be observed on a weekly basis. When teaching curriculum subjects such as maths the teacher will choose or be given a set topic to teach for a section of the term, the teacher can then look for the set targets that the age they are working with will need to meet. The PSHE curriculum has outlines for specific key stages; however I have yet to witness any direct teaching. After looking at the areas for keeping safe discussed above I identified that there are numerous ways of building the PSHE targets in to other subjects and even into the daily routine, if teachers found little time to teach it directly. Halstead (2006) refers to findings from researchers on schools lacking PSHE policies, and how many schools are not teaching PSHE in order to make room other subjects and activities. After writing and researching for this essay, and taking part in lectures around different PSHE areas, I believe that is a very important subject to teach in schools, as it may help to prepare children for independent living and in relevance to this essay help children to develop knowledge and understanding of how to stay safe in their own environments. Tew (2007) looks at one of the disadvantages of delivering PSHE is the difficulty of maintaining a consistent ethos as it is often delivered by outside agencies, however if teaching staff can receive training at the same time as the other agencies the school could take a much more consistent approach. One struggle that teachers may face in the delivery of PSHE is that after multi agencies pay visit to the school the teachers are unsure on how to continue to teach the chosen topic. In conclusion to this essay I believe that the teaching of PSHE can be very informative to teachers, children and parents; by providing children with the knowledge and understanding of the PSHE curriculum you may be able to help provide them with the ability to make their own safe choices. Many of the difficulties I have identified from this essay are that teachers may not necessarily have the full training or awareness on how to provides lessons around the PSHE curriculum, if teachers had the opportunity to gain the same training of the multi agencies that deliver the assemblies in schools they may be more willing to able in delivering it themselves. After writing this essay I believe that PSHE is very important for the development of children, and it is more important for teachers to deliver than I first thought. How to cite A Critical Reflection on PSHE, Papers Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-2385378543534523542020-04-28T11:51:00.001-07:002020-04-28T11:51:02.062-07:00UMD Essay free essay sample There are many parts that add to the sum of me, and that have created who I am today. Much of who I am today has come from my Indian heritage and family. Learning about my fatherââ¬â¢s culture opened my eyes on the differences between cultures around the world. I believe that an ideal society is one that is very culturally-diverse, so people can respect others and the way they live. My father grew up in an Indian village with no power, water, or technology, but he still to make it in the world. My mother came from a family that was not very wealthy, but she has overcome that and pursued a successful career. Now, I live with all of these amenities and many, many more which has made me very thankful for how I live and appreciate how far my family has come. The other parts that add up to me are my friendships, community service, and writing ability. We will write a custom essay sample on UMD Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many great friendships have resulted because of the people I go to school with. These friendships have taught me to ââ¬Å"never judge a book by its coverâ⬠, and also to get along and collaborate with many different types of people. I have also volunteered for many organizations that assist people with disabilities. Considering my aunt had Downââ¬â¢s syndrome, I am proud to help other people like her and I have learned a sense of respect I will never forget. In addition, I believe writing demonstrates who I am in a sense that I am free to show my feelings and attitudes towards many subjects, and I enjoy the genuine freedom it gives me with no limits. Overall, my Indian culture, family, friendships, community service and education are all of the parts that have crafted who I have become today. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-83745091342826714682020-03-20T01:27:00.001-07:002020-03-20T01:27:04.199-07:00Sir Marcus Laurence Oliphant essaysSir Marcus Laurence Oliphant essays Marcus Laurence Elwin Oliphant, was the eldest of five sons, and was born in 1901 in Kent Town, near Adelaide, South Australia. His father was a civil servant and his mother was an artist. Oliphant was interested in a career in medicine or chemistry, and in 1919 started studying at the University of Adelaide. However, his physics teacher, Dr Roy Burdon, helped him discover the lovely feeling when there is a discovery in the field of physics, and Oliphant began studying Physics more closely. In 1925, Oliphant was further inspired in the field of physics after attending a lecture by Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand physicist. An expert in the field of nuclear physics, Rutherford had made discoveries about radioactivity and the atomic nucleus. In 1927 Oliphant gained the opportunity to live his dream of becoming a physicist. He won an '1851 Exhibitioner' scholarship that allowed him to study under the supervision of Rutherford at the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University in England. Oliphant made his most significant works in science during his stay at the Cavendish Laboratory. He researched nuclear physics, and worked on the artificial disintegration of the atomic nucleus, and positive ions. During this period many discoveries were made at the Cavendish Laboratory, and the field of nuclear physics was rapidly expanding. Rutherford later asked Oliphant to work with him to further investigate Cockcroft and Walton's work. During this time, Oliphant discovered new types of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium) and helium (helium 3). He also designed and built particle accelerators, the most famous of these was a positive ion accelerator. All this work paved the way for the creation of nuclear weapons. Sir John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton made the first major breakthrough in 1932 when they split the atom for the first time, using their revolutionary high-powered par ... Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-11330869529187674312020-03-03T17:12:00.001-08:002020-03-03T17:12:02.634-08:006 steps toward a cautious career change6 steps toward a cautious career change A life where you dread what you do every day isnââ¬â¢t sustainable. If youââ¬â¢re absolutely miserable, itââ¬â¢s clear you need a change- maybe even a total career overhaul. What isnââ¬â¢t clear is how to transfer all the hard work youââ¬â¢ve put into building this one career into the start of a new one. There are ways to make a big change without having to give up all the gains youââ¬â¢ve made so far. Letââ¬â¢s explore some key steps you can take.1. Define your ultimate goals.First and foremost, take a big step back and ask yourself some tough questions. What do you want out of a career, and why arenââ¬â¢t you getting it in your current career? Look at your life from higher up to map out the career and work life you hope to attain. Taking time to assess the situation will help you make the right choices and not rush into anything too fast.2. Pick an ideal moment.A career change is a stressful move, no matter how happy it makes you. Even if youââ¬â¢ve done your homework and can make the transition as smooth as possible, your life will be turned upside-down for a while. Choose a time to explore career change when everything else in your life (your family and friends, your home life, etc.) is stable and can fly on autopilot as you navigate the bumpy seas of your transition. Donââ¬â¢t attempt any massive job changes when youââ¬â¢re about to go through a massive life change, as well!3. Ask people who have found success.Seek advice from people further up the food chain who have made big career leaps. They can give real-life examples of how to handle specific situations. Ideally, you can find a mentor in the field to ask about steps for your particular industry. Youââ¬â¢ll want to gain a full understanding of the territory youââ¬â¢re branching into in order to make smart, calculated moves.4. Think big, act small.Once youââ¬â¢re sure you have an ideal scenario of where you want to eventually end up, goà for it. Just break th at massive goal down into smaller benchmarks- goals that you can meet in the shorter term. Then put your blinders on and focus on one task at a time until you start generating the momentum to carry yourself closer to your desired endpoint.5. Test the waters.If youââ¬â¢re not 100% sure of what you want, donââ¬â¢t just leap headfirst into a new career- particularly one that will involve a major lifestyle change. Try to gain some casual experience in the field or position before you commit. The last thing you want to do is end up in a new career and hate it! Try volunteering or taking on some freelance work until you see how well you fit.6. Remain humble throughout the process.Youââ¬â¢re making a move into a territory you canââ¬â¢t know as intimately as the one youââ¬â¢ve been in- no matter how well-respected and successful you are currently. Youââ¬â¢ll have to start a few notches down and prove yourself. Embrace new challenges with eagerness and gratitude, and youâ⠬â¢ll be fine. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-72807687876705683452020-02-16T08:38:00.001-08:002020-02-16T08:38:02.495-08:00Air pollution of fracking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsAir pollution of fracking - Essay Example In this essay, we shall discuss the documentary and the changes that have occurred since its production in 2010. ââ¬ËGaslandââ¬â¢ is an American documentary film produced in 2010 by Josh Fox to educate and enlighten communities in the United States of America on the impact of natural gas drilling especially horizontal drilling otherwise known as fracking. Fox starts the movie with narrating how he received a letter in May 2008 requesting him to lease his family land in Pennsylvania for $ 100, 000 to drill for gas, a claim that Energy In Depth later refuted arguing that it did not offer anyone money to lease his land for drilling gas. Fox goes to the west where the process of mining natural gas through fracking has been for the last 10 years. He engaged and stayed with the residents as they narrated their stories and experiences of natural gas drilling in Colorado, Wyoming, Utah and Texas among other several states, he talked with residents of those areas who had developed chron ic ailments that can be directly traced to contaminated air quality and pollution of water wells and surface. Fox goes ahead to show how some of the residents who have been affected by the negative effects of pollution from fracking have obtained court injunctions and settlements in terms of money from the gas mining companies in order to replace the water supplies that have been affected with safe drinking water or portable water purification kits. In his documentary, Josh Fox tries to reach out to the scientists, politicians and executives and all stakeholders in the gas mining industry. In addition to congress sub-committee, which was tasked with discussing the ââ¬Ëfracking responsibility and awareness of chemicals actââ¬â¢, which was intended to amend the ââ¬Ësafe drinking water actââ¬â¢ to repeal the exemption of hydraulic fracturing from safe drinking water act. Since 2010, a lot of changes have happened in the gas mining industry with relation to the process of mi ning that uses hydraulic fracturing. despite the concerns that have been raised over the pollution levels of the process, the number of gas wells that are being sunk have been constantly increasing with estimations putting that there are at least 35 wells that are being drilled daily for the last one decade. This has been largely contributed by the federal governmentââ¬â¢s laxity to enact federal laws that regulate the use of hydraulic fracturing in mining gas. In 2012, more than 30 million cubic feet of natural gas were drilled, which signified about 25 per cent, increase since the year 2006 (Anonymous, 13). Most of the proponents of the process have argued that the process of hydraulic fracturing could help the country become energy independent by the year 2020 and supply the country with relatively cheap and clean energy for the next 90 years. In addition, the states that have been using hydraulic fracturing to mine natural gas have been able to create recession resistant econ omies that have withered the economic storm that had swept the country in the last 5 years. However, despite these benefits, people living within the areas that these mining companies operate have always complained about the noise and air pollution that include odours that comes from these companies. The environmental protection agency study in 2011, which tested water and air in Wyoming where Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-37235124849569601312020-02-02T18:39:00.000-08:002020-02-02T18:40:58.184-08:00Bounced Check, Return of Unsold Books, Safety at work Places EssayBounced Check, Return of Unsold Books, Safety at work Places - Essay Example In respect to this provision, Watson could be presumed to be aware that the check will bounce if one or two conditions occur. The first one is, in case he did not have an account with the drawee during the stated date or the issue time, whichever comes later. The second reason could be, if the check appropriately declined payment for lacking enough funds, when presented within 30 days after the stated date or issue date, either of which comes later, and if the responsibility of Watson, or any other party who may be involved happens not to be set free through payment, not later than ten days following the bouncing date. If Watson successfully satisfies that the two conditions did not arise, then it is hard to place any blame on him, therefore, Wilson can easily prevail against the storeââ¬â¢s intentions of reclaiming the computer from him ââ¬â as it will be presumed that it was legally transferred. 2. Return of unsold books, which are damaged. Both the express and implied condi tions of contract between Press Publishers and Boardwalk Books must be satisfied. Although Press Publishers could not have expressly stated that the unsold books must be returned in good condition, there is an implied responsibility for the Boardwalk Books to exercise due care ââ¬â in order to avoid damage of books while in the books store. The fact that some pages had been ripped off by customers, while coffee had been spilled over others is a blatant negligence on the part of Boardwalk Books. Press Publishers can refuse to accept the 20 copies that had been destroyed and successfully sue Boardwalk Books for negligence. The law presumes that Boardwalk Books should act professionally and with due care, to avoid any foreseeable danger that could happen in its premises, upon goods stored there but owned by the third parties. On the other hand, Boardwalk Books can raise a defense against some books which were destroyed for merely sitting on the bookshelf. They could argue that Pres s Publishers had supplied books of low quality; hence, they easily get damaged. To prevail against Press Publishers, Boardwalk Books must prove beyond doubt that they exercised due care, and could not have done anything to prevent the books from getting destroyed. Boardwalk Books may want to argue that the problem arose from the fact that the publisherââ¬â¢s goods were selling very slowly, however, such argument many not hold any water since it does not prevent them from taking care of the goods. 3. Safety at work Places All employers are responsible for the health and safety of all their employees. Laws have been enacted to protect employees from hazards at their work places. Examples of such laws are the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), and the Mine Safety and Healthy Act of 1977. Under the OSH act provisions, all employers should provide a workplace free from hazards or accidents that cause, or are likely to cause, death or serious emotion al or physical harm to the workers. The occupational Safety and Health Administration creates standards and regulations that implement the Act. All employers should comply with the OSH regulations and standards (Emerson, 2009). The company Delores was working for failed to provide enough security in the work place, and that is why she was raped in the premises. The company breached the OSH standards and regulations. The Vandalay Company was wrong about the position-risk test. Why did the janitor rape her at the company premises? Was he Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-27739131880843736042020-01-25T15:03:00.001-08:002020-01-25T15:03:04.171-08:00Indonesia And Its Past Economic Crisis Economics EssayIndonesia And Its Past Economic Crisis Economics Essay Indonesia is one of the most promising and fast developing countries in the world. After the financial crisis in 1997, this country has managed to demonstrate the great pace of development and to become one of the worlds leading economies. It has become possible because of the combination of internal and external factors and reasonable macroeconomic policy of the government. The economic and geopolitical potential of Indonesia is tremendous. It has a lot of natural and human resources, large potential market and appropriate corporate and organizational culture of doing business. It also rely lowly on exports, hence Indonesia performed better riding through slump. Exports are equivalent to only about 25% of GDP, compared with over 100% in Malaysia in 2008. Moreover, Indonesias core exports are dominated by gas, oil and coal, so the country was less exposed to the sudden and drastic destocking that caused trade in manufactured goods in Asia to dry up in late 2008 (Indrawati 2009). The countrys $514 billion economy, which is the biggest in South Asia, has 240 million citizens. It means that the country is a great potential market in terms of domestic consumption. An emerging middle class (35 million) is driving the economic growth in the country. It means that the country is able to create demand for the goods and services provided not only by national manufacturers, but also by multinational companies. The middle class creates not only an attractive market for multinational companies, but also a basis for the development of small business. Under modern circumstances, small business is a foundation for an effective economy. It creates new working places, contributes to the national GDP and makes the national economy more flexible and resistant to crisis and fluctuations. Indonesia is also rich in different natural resources. The country is the worlds leader in the export of coal. It has the largest gold mine and the single largest reserve of recoverable copper. As we can see, export is an integral part of the countrys success. On the one hand, it creates a lot of benefits for Indonesia. However, on the other hand, it makes the countrys national economy dependent on the situation on global markets. Fluctuations in these markets may hinder the development of the country. This situation however may be improved by having a higher share of value-added goods. These goods are produced by using educated labor force, knowledge and IT technologies. Thus, Indonesia will be able to occupy another niche in the global market and make its economy more competitive. It will also make the development of the country more intensive. One should mention that the current development has an extensive character. The development that has an extensive character is based on the use of resources, labor force, etc. At the same time, intensive development is based on innovations, investments, production of high value-added goods. The country also has some geopolitical advantages. It is close to China and Japan its biggest export markets. It means that transaction costs are insignificant. As a result, the efficiency of business is increasing. Moreover, these countries are not only Indonesias biggest partners, but also some of the biggest markets of the world. The combination of all the above-mentioned factors leads the country to the status of one of the best-performing economies in the world. According to the experts, the national economy of the country is going to grow 6 percent this year. It will make it the best-performing economy after China and India. The current GDP per capita is about $4.000 in Indonesia. Respectively GDP of Indonesia was about $960 billion in 2009 (Indonesia GDP Per Capita (PPP)). According to the experts, Indonesia should be included in BRIC club in the nearest future. Probably, we should explain what the so-called BRIC club is. The BRIC thesis posits that China and India will become the worlds dominant suppliers of manufactured goods and services, respectively, while Brazil and Russia will become similarly dominant as suppliers of raw materials (Brazil, Russia, India And China BRIC). It only proves our assumption that one of the strong sides of the countrys economy is its export of raw materials, including coal, metals, etc. However, as we have already mentioned, the share of these raw materials should reduce in the nearest future. Being a powerful country in the worlds economy also means being a leader in the worlds politics. Thus, the political influence of Indonesia in the world is also going to grow. At least in the Asian region, it is expected to happen very soon. We have said a lot about the countrys competitive advantages. Now it is time to analyze the potential risk factors that may scare the foreign investors and hinder the sustainable development of Indonesia. First of all, one should mention terrorism among the disadvantages that create risks for investors. Terrorist attacks in Jakarta and other similar countries scare foreign investors and thus hinder the economic development of such countries. Islamist terrorist actions have always been usual for the country. Foreign companies do not have any desire to invest in a country, where their facilities may be destroyed or their managers and workers may be killed. That is why decisive steps should be taken to solve this problem. Such steps are currently being made. The current government of the country is fighting against Islamist terrorist factions. However, its efforts should be combined with the assistance of the international community. We believe that this risk factor is going to be eliminated in the nearest future. Another risk factor is potentially dangerous natural factors. We mean, for example, tsunami in 2004 that killed a lot of people and shocked the world. In fact, there is a risk that such a cataclysm may occur again. The scope of that cataclysm can be described by the following words. Massive sea surges triggered by an earthquake under the Indian Ocean have killed over 10,000 people in southern Asia, with many more feared dead. Indonesia is thought to be the worst-hit country in the region, with 94,000 dead, 132,000 missing and 132,000 (Government of Indonesia 2005). Possible consequences of natural disasters may be the following: death of thousands of people (labor force and intellectual potential); destruction of infrastructure; destruction of material objects, including factories, offices, etc.; expenditure of billions of dollars on reconstruction of the country, etc. In general, it, of course, hinders the sustainable development of the countrys economy. This factor should be taken into account by the investors in Indonesias economy. Not only does the country have to fight against possible natural disasters, but it also has to handle other problems related to the natural environment, including climate change and depletion of natural resources. It can be proven by the following quote. The government in 2010 faces the ongoing challenge of improving Indonesias insufficient infrastructure to remove impediments to economic growth, while addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation needs, particularly with regard to conserving Indonesias forests and peatlands (Indonesia Economy 2010). After comparing the advantages and disadvantages of Indonesias economy, we have to talk about the main problems of its current state and prospects for the near future. Nowadays the main problem of Indonesias economy and financial system is a danger that its financial market may be overheated. It is essential to take this factor into account because a few years ago it caused a lot of problems. Ten years of growth resulted in the financial crisis in 1997. One of the reasons was the overheated regional financial market, including that of Indonesia. The influence of that financial crisis on the national economy was enormous. After an average annual rate of between 5% and 7% during a long-term growth in the last two decades, Indonesia has been hard hit during the recent wave of the Asian monetary crisis. With an economic growth of 4.7% in 1997, the 1998/99 State Budget envisages a minus 12% economic growth with an inflation of 66%, which gradually developed into an economic crisis (Indonesias Economy. Economic Growth and State Finance). That is why it is very important to evaluate whether the market is overheated now or not in order to avoid a similar crisis. We believe that we have to explain the term overheated market. It means that market prices of different assets, including stocks, raw materials, etc., do not correspond to their fundamental prices. Thus, the assets are overestimated and the so-called bubbles are formed because of some speculative tendencies. When investors realize that the assets are overestimated, the whole system ruins, creating terrible consequences. As a result, the whole national economy is harmed. The most recent and vivid example of such a cataclysm is the global financial crisis 2008-2010 that was caused by the bubbles in the markets of leading assets. Despite that fact, the tendencies for such bubbles to form are still observed in the global economy. Thus, to conclude, we would like to say the following. Despite the crisis in 1997-1998, Indonesia has managed to demonstrate the rapid pace of economic development in the past decade. As a result, nowadays a lot of people tend to treat Indonesias economy as one of the most promising economies in the world. We also support this opinion and believe that its economy is going to become one of the leading ones. It is possible because of the combination of the countrys advantages and effective governments policy. The countrys advantages are the following: beneficial geopolitical location; rich natural resources; cheap labor force; large internal market. The government economic policy is based on the use of liberal principles that are traditional in the developed countries. The most important thing is that the countrys leaders desire to see their country as an innovative and prosperous state. The countrys economy may also be characterized by some risks, among which some of the most important are a danger of terrorism and possibility of natural disasters. These risks should be taken into account by investors and internal policy makers because they are able to hinder the sustainable development of the country. If they cannot be avoided, they should be forecasted and minimized. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-5704713769707928332020-01-17T11:27:00.001-08:002020-01-17T11:27:04.597-08:00Personality Biases of Accounting Students: Some Implications for Learning Style PreferencesThe current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www. emeraldinsight. com/1362-0436. htm CDI 13,4 Factors in? uencing career choice of management students in India Tanuja Agarwala Faculty of Management Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India Abstract Purpose ââ¬â This paper aims to explore the in? uence of a range of factors on the career choice of management students in India. The importance of different individuals in the family and at work in making career choices among these students is also to be explored.In addition, the study seeks to address the relationship of the cultural values of individualism-collectivism and the protean/conventional career orientations of MBA students from India, with factors as well as people in? uencing the choice of a career. Design/methodology/approach ââ¬â Participants consisted of 93 students from India entering management, who were starting their ? rst year of the two-year full time MBA program. Self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data on factors and types of relationships in? encing career choice, individualism/collectivism, and protean/conventional career orientation. Findings ââ¬â ââ¬Å"Skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠was the most important factor and ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠was the most signi? cant individual in? uencing the career choice of Indian management students. The predominant cultural value was collectivism, although the students demonstrated individualist tendencies in some contexts. A protean orientation guided the career orientation of these students. Research limitations/implications ââ¬â The data were collected only from one management institute in India.Originality/value ââ¬â Empirical research on factors and types of relationships in? uencing career choice, and their correlates, has not been conducted among Indian students. The paper addresses this issue and the study has implications for career counseling. Keywords Careers, Career g uidance, National cultures, Students, India Paper type Research paper 362 Career Development International Vol. 13 No. 4, 2008 pp. 362-376 q Emerald Group Publishing Limited 1362-0436 DOI 10. 1108/13620430810880844Introduction Globalization has brought about a radical transformation in what organizations need to do to maintain their competitiveness. As managerial skills become crucial for organizations to achieve success in a competitive and turbulent business environment, there has been a sharp rise in the demand for managerial professionals worldwide. Sturges et al. (2003) proposed that the MBA degree imparts certain key competencies to students. These competencies may be of key signi? cance in the career success of students as ââ¬Å"managementâ⬠has gained in importance over other forms of professions.Industry demand for new managerial resources in India far exceeds supply. According to one estimate, the total number of entry-level managers needed by corporate India every y ear stands at 2,735[1]. But the best business schools in India produce about 1,740 managers in any given year. This demand-supply gap, amounting to almost 36 percent, has resulted in competition for scarce managerial talent, high levels of attrition, and an increase in the compensation levels of managerial professionals.For a large number of students in India, a managerial career has become the most preferred career choice. The emergence of management as a formal education is fairly recent, yet the MBA degree has emerged as one of the most sought after higher educational quali? cations. There was a 55 percent increase in the number of institutes imparting management education in India between 1999/2000 and 2005/2006. More than 100,000 students are studying towards an MBA degree in approximately 1,200 institutions offering MBA degrees in India.Business factors coupled with several sociocultural changes have led to changing career preferences among young people in India. An individual ââ¬â¢s choice of career is likely to be in? uenced by several factors, including personal and cultural values, family background, career expectations, etc. Studies have been conducted in different cultural contexts to determine the range of ? factors that in? uenced students in making career choices (Ozbilgin et al. , 2005; Kyriacou et al. , 2002; Ozkale et al. , 2004). However, a literature review suggests that no empirical study has been onducted among management students in India in order to understand their subjective view about why they choose to pursue a career in management. The main purpose of the present study was to identify important factors that in? uenced the choice of career of students pursuing an MBA degree in India, and the role that various people and relationships played in their career choice. The study also attempted to explore the dominant cultural values of the students along Hofstedeââ¬â¢s individualism-collectivism dimension, as well as the strength of their protean career orientation.An attempt was also made to examine whether there was a relationship between individualism versus collectivism as a cultural value and protean versus conventional career orientation of management students in India with the types of factors, people and relationships that are likely to play an important role in their career choice. Gender differences among the Indian MBA students were also explored. Career choice of management students 363 Theoretical background ââ¬Å"Choiceâ⬠means ââ¬Å"selecting or separating from two or more things that which is preferredâ⬠(Websterââ¬â¢s Dictionary, 1998). Career choiceâ⬠involves choosing one occupation over another. Hence, in order for ââ¬Å"career choiceâ⬠to take place, two conditions are necessary: (1) availability of alternative career options; and ? (2) an individual/personal preference between these career options (Ozbilgin et al. , 2005). The numbers of career options/alternativ es available to an individual at any given point in time are in? uenced by external factors (labor market, state of the economy, etc. ), as well as individual factors (education, family background, attitudes, etc. . Career choice, therefore, is not unbridled. Rather, career choices are often constrained by sociocultural factors (Swanson and Gore, 2000), individual factors, personal and cultural values, signi? cant relationships, and structural factors such as barriers faced by women in certain careers such as management. Most career choice research has focused on predicting career choice behaviors based on personality or demographic ? variables (Ozbilgin et al. , 2005). Studies attempting to identify career choice in? encing factors have focused largely on individualsââ¬â¢ aptitudes, interests, opportunities, etc. CDI 13,4 364 Factors in? uencing career choice Few studies have examined the factors that in? uence career choice. Previous studies have identi? ed a number of varied f actors that in? uence studentsââ¬â¢ career choice (Ginzberg, 1951; Super, 1957; Oââ¬â¢Connor and Kinnane, 1961; Paolillo and Estes, 1982; Felton et al. , 1994). The most widely used classi? cation in career choice studies is the three-dimensional framework by Carpenter and Foster (1977) and Beyon et al. (1998).The three factors are: (1) intrinsic (interest in the job, personally satisfying work); (2) extrinsic (availability of jobs, well paying occupations); and (3) interpersonal (in? uence of parents and signi? cant others). Some research evidence exists to show that sociocultural, economic, and political changes affect the career choices of young people. Bai (1998) found that the market economy changed the values of university students who put self-interest before societal interests, and rated money and power as the primary motivators in ? nding a job. The relative in? ence of various factors on the career choice of students has been found to ? vary across cultures (Ozbilgin et al. , 2005). Most research on career choice has been conducted on occupational groups such as accountants and healthcare professionals (Carpenter and Strawser, 1970; Paolillo and Estes, 1982; Gul et al. , 1989; Bundy and Norris, 1992; Auyeung and Sands, 1997; Morrison, 2004). Barring a few studies ? (Simmering and Wilcox, 1995; Moy and Lee, 2002; Sturges et al. , 2003; Ozbilgin et al. , 2005; Pines and Baruch, 2007), the career ââ¬Å"choiceâ⬠of MBA students and the factors in? encing this choice have rarely been addressed. The subject matter is worth exploring since the MBA degree has raised management to professional status, offering management graduates a gate to a fast-track managerial career. There is no data about the factors that in? uence career choice of students in India. The in? uence of relationships on career choice Relationships constitute an important dimension of human functioning, yet the interest in understanding how relationships and careers are intertwi ned has increased only in recent years (Blustein et al. , 2004; Schultheiss, 2003; Phillips et al. 2001; Schultheiss et al. , 2001). Most research efforts in the area have focused on how relationships and networks are conducive to career mobility and advancement. The role of relationships in making career choices has been overlooked. There exists a need to direct research efforts to exploring the types of relationships that matter, and why they are signi? cant in making career choices. The present study speci? cally aims to explore the relative importance and in? uence of different relationships (mother, father, relatives, colleagues, etc. ) in making career choices among Indian MBA students.Individualism-collectivism, and factors and relationships in? uencing career choice Culture is an important determinant of how people think and behave, while ââ¬Å"valuesâ⬠are ââ¬Å"broad tendencies to prefer certain state of affairs over othersâ⬠(Hofstede, 1980). Cultural values a re likely to have an impact on the factors and relationships that in? uence career related choices of students. Studies have focused on the cultural dimension of individualism-collectivism (I/C) as an important determinant that in? uences career ââ¬Å"choiceâ⬠of students from countries that vary along the I/C dimension.These studies have examined cultural variations in factors in? uencing career choice ? (Auyeung and Sands, 1997; Ozbilgin et al. , 2005). The I/C dimension, ? rst measured empirically by Hofstede (1980), describes how individuals relate to others and to society, and represents the extent to which they are emotionally and cognitively attached to a particular network of individuals. According to Hofstedeââ¬â¢s empirical index for the dimension, Western countries (the USA, the UK, Australia) cluster toward the individualist end while Asian nations (such as Japan, Taiwan and India) cluster toward the collectivist end. Individualismâ⬠refers to the tendency of people to consider their own interests only, to view themselves as ââ¬Å"independentâ⬠of organizations, and to place a higher value on self-reliance and individual action. ââ¬Å"Collectivismâ⬠refers to the inclination of people to view themselves as ââ¬Å"interdependentâ⬠and as part of a larger group, and to protect the interests of group members. Therefore, preferences for social in? uences in making career choices may also differ in individualistic versus collectivistic cultures. Research examining the differential role of peers, colleagues, mentors, managers, etc. in career decision-making is limited. Related research suggests that there is a positive relationship between collectivism and family relatedness, and individualism and peer relatedness ? n, (Benet-Martinez and Karakitapoglu-Aygu 2003; Kwan et al. , 1997). Some studies have treated I/C as an individual difference variable (Ramamoorthy and Carroll, 1998; Ramamoorthy and Flood, 2002), suggesting th at even within a country considerable variability may exist in cultural values at the individual level. These differences may have an effect on individualââ¬â¢s attitudes and behavior.It may be inferred, therefore, that variability in I/C is likely to exist in the sample of Indian management students, and this variability may have an effect on what factors and relationships are likely to in? uence these students in their choice of career. Career orientation and career success ââ¬Å"Career success orientationâ⬠may be described as ââ¬Å"the way people de? ne their success at work and that individual perceptions of career success re? ect individual values, attitudes and motivation with respect to both work and life in a broader senseâ⬠(Derr, 1986).This orientation provides a guide to action, and hence is similar to an attitude (McGuire, 1985), which has a cognitive component (a set of beliefs about the career), an evaluative component (a sense of what would be a ââ¬Å "good careerâ⬠or a ââ¬Å"bad careerâ⬠for oneself), and a behavioral component (an action tendency or a predisposition to behave in certain ways). There are two types of career orientations: (1) protean (new career orientation); and (2) conventional (traditional organizational orientation). Hall ? rst described the protean career in 1976.According to Hall (2004), a ââ¬Å"proteanâ⬠career is one that is managed proactively by individuals (self-directed) according to their own personal values (values driven), rather than by organizational rewards. Core protean values are freedom and growth (Hall, 1976, 2002), and the main criteria of success are subjective (intrinsic/psychological success) and not objective (extrinsic/material). A protean career orientation re? ects the extent to which an individual adopts such a perspective to their career (Briscoe and Hall, 2006). Career choice of management students 365 CDI 13,4 66 A conventional career orientation de? ned career success in terms of measurable objective factors such as salary, recognition, or number of promotions (Gattiker and Larwood, 1988). The core value of conventional career orientation is ââ¬Å"advancementâ⬠. Even though career success has been researched extensively since the 1950s, the study of subjective and objective career success did not start until 1988 (Gattiker and Larwood, 1988), and until 2002, none of these studies involved collecting the participantsââ¬â¢ own (subjective) view of their measures of career success.The current study aims to explore Indian management studentsââ¬â¢ subjective view of career success and also attempts to understand the relationship of their career success orientation with the factors and relationships in? uencing career choice. Method Sample characteristics and data collection The sample[2] consisted of 93 management students at the University of Delhi, India, who were starting their ? rst year of a two-year full time MBA degree progr am. Questionnaire responses were obtained from 99 students, of which 93 were Indian citizens. The other six students were foreign students from Nepal, Sri Lanka and Canada.For the purpose of the present paper, only the responses of the Indian citizens were analyzed. Hence, the total sample size was 93, of whom 50. 5 percent (n ? 47) were male, and 49. 5 percent (n ? 46) were female. Their age ranged from 20 to 27 years, with an average age of 22 years and two months. The majority of the students (31. 2 percent) were 21 years of age and Hindu (88. 2 percent) by religion. All the students were unmarried. The majority of students (n ? 65; 69. 9 percent) belonged to families in which the father was serving as an employee in either a technical or a professional capacity.Only 18 students (19. 4 percent) had a business background, with their father being self-employed or an entrepreneur. Of a total of 93 students, 42 students (45. 2 percent) had non-working mothers and 43 had working mothe rs, of which 37. 6 percent (n ? 35) were in the employment of others, 6. 5 percent (n ? 6) were self-employed, and 2. 2 percent (n ? 2) were working part-time. A total of 43 students came from families where both parents were working, either in the employment of others or owning their own business. Each student was asked to complete a questionnaire within the ? rst 20 days of joining the full-time, wo-year MBA degree program. The data for the present article was collected in July 2006. Measures ? Factors in? uencing career choice. The 14-item scale developed by Ozbilgin et al. (2004) was used to obtain data on the degree to which various factors in? uenced the career choice of the students sampled. Each item on the scale corresponded to a career choice factor. The reliability of the scale, as evidenced by Cronbachââ¬â¢s a, was 0. 66. Relationships in? uencing career choice. The in? uence of certain individuals (relationships) such as father, mother, friends, colleagues, etc. on s tudentsââ¬â¢ career choice was assessed through a nine-item questionnaire (a ? 0:65). Individualism-collectivism. Cultural values on Hofstedeââ¬â¢s individualism-collectivism dimension were measured using a 16-item questionnaire developed by Triandis and Gelfand (1998). Cronbachââ¬â¢s a for eight individualism items was 0. 59, and for eight collectivism items it was 0. 62. Career orientation. A 13-item scale developed by Baruch (2006) was used to measure career orientation, with nine items measuring a protean view of a career and four items measuring a traditional view of a career. Cronbachââ¬â¢s a for protean items was 0. 5, and for traditional items a was 0. 81. Responses on all the questionnaires were obtained on a seven-point Likert scale where 1 ? strongly disagree/not at all important, and 7 ? strongly agree/very important. Results Factors in? uencing career choice The means and standard deviations of the 14 factors that in? uenced the career choice of MBA students in India are presented in Table I, for the total sample and by gender. As is evident from Table I, MBA students from India rated their ââ¬Å"skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠as the most important career choice in? uencing factor, followed by ââ¬Å"education and trainingâ⬠and ââ¬Å"? ancial rewards in this careerâ⬠. Separate analyses by gender showed that male and female Indian MBA students differed in the factors they rated as the most important in in? uencing their career choice (see Table I). Male students rated ââ¬Å"? nancial rewards in this careerâ⬠as the most important factor in their career choice decision followed by ââ¬Å"Quality of life associated with this careerâ⬠and ââ¬Å"skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠. For female students, ââ¬Å"skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠and ââ¬Å"education and trainingâ⬠were the most important factors. T-tests revealed two factors ââ¬â ââ¬Å"Quality of life associated wi th this careerâ⬠(t ? :98; p , 0:05) and ââ¬Å"Financial rewards in this careerâ⬠(t ? 2:37; p , 0:05) ââ¬â that were signi? cantly more important determinants of career choice for male as compared to female MBA students in India. No other career choice factors revealed signi? cant gender differences. For both male and female Indian management students, as well as for the total sample, ââ¬Å"lack of access to other career optionsâ⬠was the lowest rated factor in their Total sample (n ? 93) Mean SD 6. 04 5. 90 5. 82 5. 77 5. 70 5. 58 5. 46 5. 39 5. 13 4. 59 4. 31 3. 71 2. 94 2. 48 1. 07 6. 04 1. 31 1. 30 1. 40 1. 53 1. 52 1. 57 1. 52 1. 47 1. 93 1. 89 1. 66 1. 60Career choice of management students 367 No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Factors in? uencing career choice My skills and abilities My education and training Financial rewards in this career I have a free choice in making my career decisions Quality of life associated Promotion opportunities Training and education My love of this career Success stories of friends, family My knowledge of the labor market My ? nancial/economic condition Ease of access to this career Chance, luck or circumstances Lack of access to other career options Males (n ? 47) Mean SD 5. 96 5. 77 6. 13 5. 72 5. 98 5. 83 5. 17 5. 30 5. 04 4. 36 4. 23 3. 66 3. 09 2. 1. 02 1. 29 0. 82 1. 26 0. 99 1. 15 1. 48 1. 60 1. 44 1. 54 1. 95 1. 82 1. 47 1. 55 Females (n ? 46) Mean SD 6. 13 6. 04 5. 50 5. 83 5. 41 5. 33 5. 76 5. 48 5. 22 4. 83 4. 39 3. 76 2. 78 2. 35 1. 13 1. 43 1. 62 1. 34 1. 68 1. 81 1. 52 1. 55 1. 60 1. 37 1. 94 1. 96 1. 84 1. 65 Table I. Means and SDs: factors in? uencing career choice of Indian MBA students CDI 13,4 career choice. ââ¬Å"Chance, luck or circumstancesâ⬠, ââ¬Å"ease of access to this careerâ⬠, ââ¬Å"? nancial and economic conditionâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"knowledge of labor and/or career marketâ⬠were also not perceived as having an important in? uence on their career choice . Role of relationships in in? encing career choice Table II presents the means and standard deviations with respect to the in? uence of individuals and relationships on career choice of Indian MBA students for the total sample and by gender. It is evident from the results that ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠exerted the greatest in? uence on the career choice of students in India, for both male and female students. For female students, the second most important in? uence was that of the ââ¬Å"motherâ⬠. However, for male students, ââ¬Å"friendsâ⬠, that is, the peer group, played a more important role than the ââ¬Å"motherâ⬠, and was second only to the ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠in their career choice decision. Managersâ⬠and ââ¬Å"relativesâ⬠were the least important in in? uencing the career choice of all Indian management students. t-Tests revealed no signi? cant differences between male and female students in the in? uence of relationship types (father, mother, work c olleague, etc. ) on career choice. Cultural values and career success orientation Table III presents the descriptive results for individualism/collectivism (I/C) and for protean/conventional career orientation. The mean scores on Hofstedeââ¬â¢s I/C dimension suggest that Indian MBA students were moderately high on both individualism (mean ? 0:52) and collectivism (mean ? 42:82), with a slightly higher score on 368 No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Individuals/relationship types Father Mother Friend/s Fellow students Teacher/mentor Work colleagues Signi? cant other/partner Another relative Manager Total sample (n ? 93) Mean SD 4. 76 4. 23 4. 13 4. 03 3. 60 2. 94 2. 68 2. 63 2. 63 1. 94 1. 90 1. 89 1. 83 2. 03 1. 90 2. 22 1. 83 1. 94 Males (n ? 47) Mean SD 4. 57 4. 19 4. 32 4. 00 3. 83 3. 20 2. 61 2. 37 2. 63 2. 03 1. 87 1. 83 1. 68 1. 98 1. 85 2. 22 1. 72 1. 98 Females (n ? 46) Mean SD 4. 96 4. 26 3. 93 4. 07 3. 37 2. 68 2. 75 2. 9 2. 63 1. 85 1. 94 1. 95 1. 98 2. 08 1. 94 2. 24 1. 92 1. 92 T able II. Means and SDs: relationships in? uencing career choice of Indian MBA students Table III. Means and SDs: cultural values and career orientation of Indian MBA students Indian MBA students Total (n ? 93) Males (n ? 47) Females (n ? 46) Cultural values Individualism Collectivism Mean SD Mean SD 40. 52 40. 98 40. 04 5. 77 5. 69 5. 87 42. 82 42. 63 43. 00 5. 77 5. 37 6. 20 Career orientation Protean Conventional Mean SD Mean SD 48. 85 49. 38 48. 30 6. 33 5. 78 6. 87 19. 80 20. 26 19. 33 4. 86 3. 85 5. 72 collectivism.A paired t-test was conducted to determine whether there was a signi? cant difference on these two cultural values among the Indian MBA students. The paired t-test revealed that the mean score of collectivism was signi? cantly higher than the mean score of individualism (paired samples t ? 22:82; p , 0:01). The mean scores of male and female students on the I/C dimension (Table III) suggest that both male and female MBA students in India had stronger collectivistic v alues (mean scores for males ? 42:63; for females ? 43:00) compared to individualistic values (mean scores for males ? 40:98; for females ? 0:04). Mean scores for the two types of career success orientation, protean and conventional, suggest that Indian management students were moderately high on both (protean mean ? 48:85, nine items; conventional mean ? 19:80, four items). Thus, freedom and growth, as well as position and salary, were important criteria of career success for these students. A paired t-test conducted between the two subscales (protean subscale and conventional subscale) revealed the protean career orientation to be signi? cantly higher among the Indian MBA students (paired samples t ? 43:56; p , 0:01).T-tests for group differences revealed no gender differences with respect to cultural values as well as career success orientation, among Indian MBA students. Relationship of factors in? uencing career choice and relationship types with individualism/collectivism Apar t from an attempt to explore the relative strength of I/C cultural values among Indian MBA students, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between individualistic and collectivistic value orientations at the individual level and the in? uence of various factors and relationships in making career choices among Indian management students.Pearson correlations were calculated in order to understand which career choice factors will be more in? uential for students with a more collectivistic or individualistic orientation. Individualism was found to be signi? cantly positively correlated with the ââ¬Å"quality of lifeâ⬠(r ? 0:36; p , 0:01), ââ¬Å"promotion opportunitiesâ⬠(r ? 0:22; p , 0:05), and ââ¬Å"? nancial rewardsâ⬠(r ? 0:35; p , 0:001) available in a management career. High collectivism was signi? cantly positively correlated with ââ¬Å"love of a career in managementâ⬠(r ? 0:26; p , 0:05), and ââ¬Å"belief that one had a free choice in mak ing the career decisionâ⬠(r ? :33; p , 0:001). Pearson correlations were also calculated between cultural values and types of relationships that in? uenced career choice of Indian MBA students to see whether students who differed in their levels of collectivism/ individualism also differed in the extent to which they were in? uenced by different types of relationships (father, mother, friends, etc. ) when making career choice. The results showed no signi? cant correlation between individualistic values and in? uence of relationship types on the career choice of Indian MBA students. However, a high level of collectivism was found to be signi? antly positively correlated with the in? uence of ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠on their career choice (r ? 0:24; p , 0:05). No other relationship type was found to have a signi? cant correlation with collectivism. The ? ndings of the present study are supported by studies conducted in other collectivistic societies such as Turkey. Career choice of management students 369 CDI 13,4 370 Relationship of factors in? uencing career choice and relationship types with career orientation Pearson correlations calculated between career orientation and factors in? uencing career choice and relationship types suggested that protean career orientation was signi? antly positively correlated with ââ¬Å"skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠(r ? 0:30; p , 0:005), ââ¬Å"knowledge of labour/career marketâ⬠(r ? 0:25; p , 0:05), ââ¬Å"training and education opportunitiesâ⬠(r ? 0:36; p , 0:01), ââ¬Å"quality of lifeâ⬠(r ? 0:23; p , 0:05), ââ¬Å"love of this careerâ⬠(r ? 0:27; p , 0:01), and ââ¬Å"free choiceâ⬠(r ? 0:23; p , 0:05). Conventional career orientation was found to be signi? cantly positively correlated with ââ¬Å"quality of lifeâ⬠(r ? 0:50; p , 0:01), ââ¬Å"promotion opportunitiesâ⬠(r ? 0:30; p , 0:005), ââ¬Å"? nancial rewardsâ⬠(r ? 0:55; p , 0:01), ââ¬Å"training and educ ation opportunitiesâ⬠(r ? :22; p , 0:05), ââ¬Å"ease of access to this careerâ⬠(r ? 0:21; p , 0:05), and ââ¬Å"success storiesâ⬠(r ? 0:33; p , 0:001). With respect to relationship types, high protean career orientation was signi? cantly negatively correlated with the in? uence of ââ¬Å"relativesâ⬠(r ? 20:27; p , 0:05) and positively correlated with the in? uence of ââ¬Å"managerâ⬠(r ? 0:28; p , 0:05). Conventional orientation, on the other hand, was signi? cantly positively correlated with the in? uence of ââ¬Å"motherâ⬠(r ? 0:26; p , 0:05), ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠(r ? 0:23; p , 0:05), and ââ¬Å"managerâ⬠(r ? 0:26; p , 0:05).Discussion The study aimed to identify the factors and relationship types that in? uenced career choice of MBA students in India. The relationship of individualism/collectivism and protean/conventional career orientation with factors and types of relationships that in? uenced the career choice of these students was a lso explored. Indian MBA students considered their own ââ¬Å"skills, competencies, and abilitiesâ⬠and ââ¬Å"education and trainingâ⬠(intrinsic career choice factors) as playing the most signi? cant role in their choice of a management career. With respect to relationships, ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠exerted the greatest in? ence on their career choice. The results replicate the ? ndings of the study by Pines and Baruch (2007), and Pines et al. (2002) across ? ve countries (i. e. Israel, the UK, Turkey, Cyprus, and Hungary). Students opting for a managerial career may be similar in certain respects, irrespective of nationality. The important in? uence of ââ¬Å"fatherâ⬠in career decision of Indian students may be understood in the context of a largely patriarchal society. The fact that the majority of the students had a professional background, their father being an executive/ professional, may also have in? uenced their career choice.Numerous studies have shown similar ities between parentsââ¬â¢ occupations and their childrenââ¬â¢s career aspirations (Barling, 1990; Trice and Knapp, 1992). Findings on I/C suggest that even though Indian MBA students had a mix of both cultural values, they showed a de? nite preference for collectivism, thus supporting Hofstedeââ¬â¢s (1980) ? ndings. Several other studies suggest that the Indian culture is collectivist (Sinha and Verma, 1987; Verma, 1999; Verma and Triandis, 1998). Evidence also suggests that Indian students exhibit a mix of both individualistic and collectivistic behaviors when I/C is seen as an individual level variable.Hence, I/C are not a bipolar dimension (Triandis, 1994). In a dynamic society characterized by economic liberalization and a Western pattern of education, students may be exposed ? n to both I&C value preferences, emphasizing both (Karakitapoglu-Aygu and Sayim, 2007; Ramamoorthy et al. , 2005). It is likely that Indians value both I&C, which coexist and jointly in? uence t he way they de? ne themselves, relate to others, and decide priorities in conforming to social norms (Sinha et al. , 2001). The relative salience of the situation will determine which of the two ââ¬â collectivism or individualism ââ¬â will be evoked (Tripathi, 1988).It is likely that Indian students who demonstrated high collectivistic orientation may make individualistic choices in situations that related to the individualââ¬â¢s career (Sinha and Tripathi, 1994). Similarly, students who showed higher individualism may make collectivist choices in a non-career context. The ? ndings about the relationship of factors and people in? uencing the career choice of Indian MBA students to cultural values may be explained within this context. In individualistic cultures, individuals are looking for individual advantage, career progression, autonomy and individual ? ancial security (Price, 1997); they believe they are responsible for their own future and are concerned with material possessions and social status (Di Cesare and Golnaz, 2003; Hofstede and Hofstede, 2005). A higher level of individualism among Indian students was found to be signi? cantly correlated with extrinsic factors (money, status, etc. ), suggesting that these students placed a greater value on material bene? ts, such as money, social prestige, and career advancement. Those students who had a collectivistic orientation emphasized ââ¬Å"free choiceâ⬠and ââ¬Å"love of careerâ⬠as important in? uences on their career choice.Collectivists tend to subordinate personal goals to group goals, and emphasize values of harmony, cooperation, and low levels of competition. Hence, high levels of collectivism may be associated with a desire to demonstrate that one had chosen the career out of free will, and not out of competition or pressure to conform, thus emphasizing harmony. Indian management students who were high on individualistic values were not in? uenced by their family or signi? c ant social networks in their choice of career. However, students who were high on collectivism were in? uenced by their father in ? their career choice decision.Similar ? ndings were reported by Karakitapoglu-Aygun and Sayim (2007) in a study of Turkish MBA students. Since the I/C dimension emphasizes separateness versus embeddedness in social relationships, it is expected that a collectivistic person may value support from others, especially from family members, in his/her career decision-making process, thus suggesting a positive relationship between collectivism and family relatedness (Kwan et al. , 1997). On the other hand, an individualistic person might not value the involvement of others, especially family members, in an important decision such as career choice.Indian management students demonstrated both protean and conventional career orientation, but were predominantly protean. According to Reitman and Schneer (2003), MBA graduates enjoy both self-managed and promised (con ventional) career trajectories. Except for one career choice factor ââ¬â i. e. ââ¬Å"quality of lifeâ⬠(extrinsic) ââ¬â all other factors (ââ¬Å"love of the careerâ⬠; ââ¬Å"skills and competenciesâ⬠) that were positively correlated with protean career orientation in the present study were individual-centric.Studies have shown a protean career orientation to be positively related to subjective career success (in terms of career satisfaction) while the ? ndings with regard to objective career success (in terms of salary and promotion rate) have been inconsistent (Briscoe, 2004). Since the protean career orientation re? ects self-directedness, people/relationships may not in? uence career choice of protean individuals. The in? uence of manager on a protean individualââ¬â¢s career choice in the present study may suggest the protean individualââ¬â¢s desire for growth, and the perception of manager as a symbol of success.Career choice of management students 371 CDI 13,4 372 Individuals with higher conventional orientation, unlike those with protean orientation are not likely to be self-directed or in charge of their career. Therefore, factors like ease of access and success stories of others may play an in? uential role in their choice of career, as among Indian students. These individuals are also likely to be in? uenced by others, such as father and mother, in their career choice. These ? ndings may be viewed in conjunction with the predominantly collectivistic orientation of Indian students.Gender differences In terms of the ââ¬Å"intrinsicâ⬠and ââ¬Å"extrinsicâ⬠classi? cation of career choice factors, it appears that intrinsic factors (such as skills and competencies) were more important for female students in their choice of management career, while extrinsic factors were more important for male students. The results may be explained with reference to the traditional view of ââ¬Å"managerial careerâ⬠as being a ââ¬Å"maleâ⬠profession. Women face barriers to career success not faced by males (Simpson, 2000) and are assessed under stricter criteria than men (Morrison et al. , 1987).To progress women must prove that they have the competence to succeed. Hence, the inputs of education and training are more objective merits that help women to enhance their credibility and credentials (Melamed, 1996). The study revealed no gender differences on any other variable. Hall (2004) proposed that a personââ¬â¢s career orientation was unrelated to gender. Regarding the study of sex differences, Baumeister (1988) proposes that this is no longer necessary, while Eagly (1987) and Lefkowitz (1994) advocate the investigation of sex differences in organizational behavior.If obtained consistently across studies, even null ? ndings are important (Lefkowitz, 1994) since these would help establish that women and men are similar in many respects. Implications The ? ndings of the study may have an implic ation for vocational guidance and counseling among Indian students aspiring for a career in management. By gaining an insight into how students make their career choices, an effort can be made to guide students towards more realistic career choices. However, the ? ndings of the study have limited generalizability. Notes 1. See www. india-today. om/btoday/07051998/cover5. html/12/28/2007 2. 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(2005), ââ¬Å"Explaining in? uences on career ââ¬Ëchoiceââ¬â¢: the case of MBA students in comparative perspectiveâ⬠, International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 16 No. 11, pp. 2000-28.Ozkale, L. , Kusku, F. and Saglamer, G. (2004), ââ¬Å"Women in engineering education in Turkeyâ⬠, Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition: Engineering Education Reaches New Heights, Salt Lake City, UT, July 23-26. Paolillo, J. G. P. and Estes, R. W. (1982), ââ¬Å"An empirical analysis of career choice factors among accountants, attorneys, engineers, and physiciansâ⬠, The Accounting Review, Vol. 57 No. 4, pp. 785-93. Phillips, S. D. , Christopher-Sisk, E. and Gravino, K. L. (2001), ââ¬Å"Making career decisions in a relational contextâ⬠, The Counseling Psychologist, Vol. 9, pp. 193-213. Price, A. (1997), Human Resource Management in a Business Context, International Thompson Business Press, London. Ramamoorthy, N. and Carroll, S. J. 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Sinha, J. B. P. and Verma, J. (1987), ââ¬Å"Structure of collectivismâ⬠, in Kagitcibasi, C. (Ed. ), Growth and Progress in Cross-cultural Psychology, Swets & Zetlinger, Lisse, pp. 123-9. Sinha, J. B. P. , Sinha, T. N. , Verma, J. and Sinha, R. B. N. (2001), ââ¬Å"Collectivism coexisting with individualism: an Indian scenarioâ⬠, Asian Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 4, pp. 133-45. Sturges, J. , Simpson, R. and Altman, Y. 2003), ââ¬Å"Capitalising on learning: an exploration of the MBA as a vehicle for developing career competenciesâ⬠, International Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 53-66. Super, D. E. (1957), Psychology of Careers, Harper & Row, New York, NY. Swanson, J. and Gore, P. (2000), ââ¬Å"Advances in vocational psychology theory and researchâ⬠, in Brown, S. D. and Lent, R. W. (Eds), Handbook of Counseling Psychology, 3rd ed. , Wiley, New York, NY, pp. 233-69. Triandis, H. C. (1994), ââ¬Å"Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of collectivism ? ? and individualismâ⬠, in Kim, U. , Triandis, H. C. Kagitcibasi, C. , Choi, S. C. and Yoon, G. (Eds), Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method, and Application, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 41-51. Triandis, H. C. and Gelfand, M. J. (1998), ââ¬Å"Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivismâ⬠, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 74, pp. 118-28. Trice, A. D. and Knapp, L. (1992), ââ¬Å"Relationship of childrenââ¬â¢s career aspirations to parentsââ¬â¢ occupationsâ⬠, The Journal of Genetic Psychology, Vol. 153 No. 3, pp. 355-7. Tripathi, R. C. (1988), ââ¬Å"Aligning development to values in Indiaâ⬠, in Sinha, D. and Kao, H. S. R. Eds), Social Values and Development: Asian Perspectives, S age Publications, New Delhi, pp. 314-32. Verma, J. (1999), ââ¬Å"Collectivism in the cultural perspective: the Indian sceneâ⬠, in Lasry, J. C. , Adair, J. and Dion, K. (Eds), Latest Contributions to Cross-cultural Psychology, Swets & Zetlinger, Lisse, pp. 228-41. Career choice of management students 375 CDI 13,4 Verma, J. and Triandis, H. C. (1998), ââ¬Å"The measurement of collectivism in Indiaâ⬠, paper presented at the Meeting of the International Association of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Bellingham, WA, August. Websterââ¬â¢s Dictionary (1998), Websterââ¬â¢s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, MICRA, Plain? ld, NJ. Further reading Agarwal, P. (2006), ââ¬Å"Towards excellence ââ¬â higher education in India7â⬠, Working Paper No. 179, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). Kumar, R. and Usunier, J. -C. (2001), ââ¬Å"Management education in a globalizing world: lessons from the French ex perienceâ⬠, Management Learning, Vol. 32 No. 3, pp. 363-91. Corresponding author Tanuja Agarwala can be contacted at: [emailà protected] com 376 To purchase reprints of this article please e-mail: [emailà protected] com Or visit our web site for further details: www. emeraldinsight. com/reprints Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-326996732398889322020-01-09T07:50:00.001-08:002020-01-09T07:50:04.738-08:00The Biological And Psychological Explanations Of... In this essay I will try to explain schizophrenia and talk about the main biological and psychological explanations, also showing how similar and different they are. Schizophrenia is defined in the oxford dictionary as a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behaviour, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation. 1 schizophrenia has positive and negative symptoms, the positive being delusions, hallucinations and disordered thoughts whereas negative symptoms consist of expressionless faces, poverty of speech and lack of motivation.2 Theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Adoption Studies shows research looking at adopted children whose biological mothers were diagnosed with schizophrenia but were raised by their adoptive parents that haven t got the disorder. Dopamine is a chemical in the brain that influences the brain in a good or bad way, it has to do with regulating attention, cognition, movement and pleasure. The dopamine hypothesis states that the brain of a schizophrenic patient produces more dopamine activity than a normal brain, antipsychotic drugs play a part in explaining the dopamine hypothesis. The main Psychological explanation I will talk about itââ¬â¢s the cognitive. The Cognitive approach refers to faulty thinking processes and negative symptoms develop due to trying to make sense of an experience with his or hers faulty thought process. Going more into genetics, family studies have shown that the disease can be inherited by family relatives depending on how closely related they are, this is shown by concordance rates in the book page 70 table 4.1. Kendler et al (1985)3 found that first degree relatives are eighteen times more at risk to develop schizophrenia than distant relatives. Twin studies have shown that DZ twins have a concordance rate of 12 % and MZ twins with 44 % to develop schizophrenia (mcguffin farmer,1987). Gottesman and shields(1982) found using the maudsley twin register that 58% of MZ twins that were separated inherited the disorder. These rates show that Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-13879085366129771912020-01-01T04:16:00.001-08:002020-01-01T04:16:04.953-08:00Freedom Of Speech The First Amendment - 1412 Words Overview of Free Speech Freedom of Speech. The First Amendment. Itââ¬â¢s likely the most well-known part of the United States Constitution, and was considered by the founders of our country to be one of the most important pieces of a free society. While in years prior it has generally been agreed upon that free speech - especially political speech - is vital to democracy, today there are some people singing a different tune. There are those who believe that certain offensive speech (or in some cases any and all offensive speech) should be prohibited by law. This idea of restricting offensive verbal content is known generally as ââ¬Ëpolitical correctnessââ¬â¢ and will be referred to as such here. The First Amendment says that ââ¬Å"Congress shall make noâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The District Court of Washington, D.C. upheld BCRA, saying it was constitutional for the film and advertisements for it to be restricted. The Supreme Court of the United States had a different o pinion; they struck down the provisions of BCRA that banned corporations and labor unions from using funds to broadcast campaign ads, but upheld a piece of said law that said there must be sponsor disclosures on any advertisement that fits the bill. So, why did this become controversial? To start, the original argument made by Citizens United was that Hillary was a 90-minute film, not an advertisement, so it shouldnââ¬â¢t qualify for BCRAââ¬â¢s rules; but, the initial conversation went down a different path, turning this into a freedom of political speech vs. BCRA type of argument. When the ruling came out, there were obviously those in favor of it (the Courts upheld the First Amendment in their view); and there were those opposed to it, who claimed that it would allow candidates with wealthy donors and Super-PACs backing them to gain more influence over the peoplesââ¬â¢ election decisions. Clearly the Supreme Court seems fairly reluctant to silence free speech; but what a bout ordinary citizens? The Case for Political Correctness Political Correctness, or ââ¬ËPCââ¬â¢ is seemingly becoming very popular around the nation. Opponents of it argue that people are just getting too sensitive and the ââ¬ËPC policeââ¬â¢ were stepping in to silence free speech.Show MoreRelatedThe First Amendment And Freedom Of Speech In Schools1571 Words à |à 7 PagesThe First Amendment gives the citizens of the United States their most important rights: the right to freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of religion, and the freedom of assembly. Over time these rights have worked themselves into the everyday lives of United States citizens. However, there are still places where our First Amendment rights may be compromised. In the school system, finding a balance of respect and freedom of speech and press is as difficult as learning out to tightrope walkRead MoreFreedom Of Speech By The First Amendment Of The Constitution1657 Words à |à 7 Pagesprotected by the First Amendment of the Constitution.â⬠(Literacy, 2005) This definition describes the most important freedom in my eyes. Without freedom of speech, I am unable to be the individual that I strive to be, which is to stick out and be unique, which is why I treasure freedom of speech the most. I am going to take advantage of my freedom of speech and use it to cultivate and progress my business goals in life to make me successful as a woman in the business world. Freedom of speech had to takeRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech Through The First Amendment Essay1156 Words à |à 5 PagesAccording to the Bill of Rights, we are afforded the freedom of speech through the first amendment. But this awarding of freedom is only allowed if it goes along with what the general population deems ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠. During the middle part of the 1900ââ¬â¢s many books were banned on political, religious, and moral views. While our society has changed these issues are still prevalent in todayââ¬â¢s public views and opinions of authorââ¬â¢s work. These books are not ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠and that is why they play an unprecedentedRead MoreThe First Amendment Violates Our Freedom Of Speech814 Words à |à 4 Pagesall face adversities that mold the way we carry out decisions and have an impact on the way we make decisions and view situations. American citizens have the right to vote for our leaders, and it is vital to exercise this freedom. The First Amendment constitutes our freedom of speech, but if not properly exercise our right to vote, how can we justify protesting the outcome of policies. The president serves as an advocate for many political policies. We as American citizens blame the president whenRead MoreFirst 10 Amendments of the US Constitution: Focus on Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press, and the Right to Assemble548 Words à |à 2 Pagesï » ¿First 10 Amendments of the US Constitution: Focus on Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press and the Right to Assemble Balkin, J. (2004). Digital speech and democratic culture: a theory of freedom of expression for the information society. New York University Law Review, Paper 240. In this article by Balkin, he discussed the evolution of one of the important components of the Bill of Rights of the United States (US) Constitution, which is the freedom of speech. In his discussion of freedom of speechRead MoreFreedom Of Speech By John Locke Essay1325 Words à |à 6 PagesFreedom of speech is the right given to all United States citizens to express their opinions openly, without having to fear legal punishment. However, the idea of this freedom goes back far before the United States was even declared an independent country. In the 16th century, European thinkers such as John Locke began to discuss freedom of speech as a basic human right, a necessity for a free and thriving society and a well governed country. In the United States, freedom of speech is split intoRead MorePersuasive Essay On Hate Speech1612 Words à |à 7 Pages In the name of free speech, hate speech should not be tolerated. Hate speech has devastating effects on the people and communities it is targeted at. Left unchecked hate speech can lead to harmful and violent effects. Over the past few years, the effects of hate speech used on women, homosexuals, ethnic groups and religious minorities have become more and more apparent. Hate speech can be very divisive in many of the situations it is used, depending on who interprets the expression can vary howRead MoreHate Speech And Freedom Of Speech1393 Words à |à 6 Pages In the name of free speech, hate speech should not be tolerated. Hate speech has devastating effects on the people and communities it is targeted at. Left unchecked hate speech can lead to harmful and violent effects. Over the past few years, the effects of hate speech used on women, homosexuals, ethnic groups and religious minorities have become more and more apparent. Hate speech can be very divisive in many of the situations it is used, depending on who interprets the expression can vary howRead MoreThe Importance Of The Bill Of Rights1331 Words à |à 6 Pagesbecoming law. Out of the ten amendments in the Bill of Rights, the section regarding freedom of expression within the first amendment and ninth amendment protect a large portion of the freedom enjoyed by the citizens of the United States. These amendments are different in what they protect: the First Amendment regarding free speech provides protection for a single, identified right, whereas the Ninth Amendment is far vaguer and is therefore less powerful. The free speech phrase has protected far moreRead MoreWhy the 1st Amendment Is the Best1142 Words à |à 5 PagesAmendment Essay By: Christina Ramler Neil Gaiman once said, ââ¬Å"The current total of countries in the world with First Amendments is one. You have guaranteed the freedom of speech. Other countries donââ¬â¢t have that.â⬠At the time of the amendmentsââ¬â¢ creation, a vast majority of operating countries had not yet granted their people such freedoms. Granting every citizen of the United States this right seemed to have been an important landmark in this nationââ¬â¢s history. Along with others, this right is declared Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-24999047653647581812019-12-24T00:02:00.001-08:002019-12-24T00:02:03.004-08:00Analysis of Night and Fog Essay - 1272 Words ââ¬Å"The effective war film is often the one in which the action begins after the war, when there is nothing but ruins and desolation everywhereâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ Francois Truffaut Francois Truffaut continued on to say that Alain Resnaisââ¬â¢ Night and Fog, made in 1955, was the ââ¬Å"greatest film ever madeâ⬠. The 30-minute film based on the horrors of the Holocaust and Nazi concentration camps after World War II combines Resnaisââ¬â¢ own cinematography with original images and footage of the captives in their unfathomable state. The film is lead with a somber narrative that not only accompanies the sobering images being shown but both compliments them and puts them into perspective. Carl R. Plantignaââ¬â¢s chapter from his book ââ¬ËRhetoric and Representation inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦For example, the shot at approximately 9:05 that shows an image of naked, skeletal prisoners waiting in line where the voice-over narrates ââ¬Å"nudity strips the inmates of all pride in one strokeâ⬠demonstrates this authoritative position as the voice is dry and matter-of-fact in contrast to the horrifying image, yet it is somber with empathy. To gether with image choice, music and cinematography, this ââ¬ËVoice of Godââ¬â¢ narration personifies the films perspective in order to not only show but to explain to the viewers the meaning of what is on the screen. Plantigna deliberates on various differences between the fiction and non-fiction filmmaker, particularly the role of imagination to the two differing styles of film. He discusses that the fiction filmmaker ââ¬Å"freely creates imaginative eventsâ⬠, where the non-fiction filmmaker ââ¬Å"portrays or makes explicit claims about actual historical eventsâ⬠(104). He then puts forth the idea that imagination is also important for the non-fiction filmmaker as he as the creator ââ¬Å"decides how to represent historical eventsâ⬠(104). This is demonstrated in shot 237 where Resnaisââ¬â¢ camera pans over the ceiling of a gas chamber that has been carved in and scored by human fingernails and the voice-over narrates, ââ¬Å"the only signââ¬âbut you have to knowââ¬âis this ceiling, dug into by fingernailsâ⬠. Here, Resnais using his imaginative ability, has seamlesslyShow MoreRelatedA Response To Night Shift : Strawberry Spring Short Story1220 Words à |à 5 Pa gesA Response to Night Shift: Strawberry Spring Short Story Stephen King is the author of many novels and short stories with creepy settings; King admits that he fears bugs to add to the list of things that freaks him out. One of his earlier short stories from 1976, women at college fall victim to a ââ¬Å"Jack the Ripperâ⬠style character. My analysis of Kingââ¬â¢s use of the literary elements, combined with his horror reflected in his short story, ââ¬Å"Strawberry Springâ⬠. (The Fact Site, 8 Apr. 2017) Author StephenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Strawberry Spring By Stephen King1288 Words à |à 6 PagesA Response to Night Shift: Strawberry Spring Short Story Stephen King is the author of novels and short stories with creepy settings admits that he even has a fear of bugs to add to the list of things that freaks him out. In one of his earlier short stories from 1976, several women at New Sharon Teachers College fall victim to a ââ¬Å"Jack the Ripperâ⬠style character with a mysterious fog that weighs heavy over the campus. King, the narrator, also a student, leads us on a twisted tale in a foggyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Statue Of Marshal Ney In The Fog1368 Words à |à 6 PagesThe photo ââ¬Å"Statue of Marshal Ney in the Fogâ⬠was taken by the famous artist Brassaà ¯ in 1932, one year before the publishing of his book ââ¬Å"Paris de Nuitâ⬠, a collection of night photographies of the French capital, mostly representing empty gardens and streets in the rain and fog. The picture, featured in the collection, is a clear example of his early artistic period, which coincides with his first approach to photography itself. In the scene we can see the main element, a monument representing theRead MoreDid The United State Commit War Crimes Against Japan During WW II?865 Words à |à 4 PagesDecember 1941 ââ¬â 2 September 1945. One method used during this investigation will be the analysis of the non-fiction book Anguish of Surrender by Ulrich Straus. The source will be used to see evidence about the life of Japanese POWs in American camps, and raise information of any war crimes committed against any Japanese POWs. Another method employed during the investigation is watching the documentary The Fog of War, which gives first hand perspectives on the USAââ¬â¢s Pacific campaign from the perspectiveRead MoreOf Fog and War: A Comparative Analysis of Two Japanese Bombing Attacks on the United States during WWII1392 Words à |à 6 PagesOf Fog and War: A Comparative Analysis of Two Japanese Bombing Attacks on the United States during WWII Warfare, unfortunately, is an essential part of mankind. It has been witnessed since time immemorial. What is comforting to know, however, is that it does not always end with blood baths, or similar devastation. Sometimes warfare ends with two enemy forces forgiving one another. This happened years after the Lookout Air Raids, when the Japanese bomber who carried out a series of bombings overRead MoreAdvancing the Individuals Knowledge of the Holocaust Essay2289 Words à |à 10 PagesBy comparing, analyzing and questioning the validity of Maus I and II, Night, Night and Fog, nonfictional historical accounts and a poem, called Already Embraced by the Arm of Heavenly Solace, found in Europe in the Contemporary World, Schindlerââ¬â¢s List and the Return to Auschwitz we may determine to what degree these sources serve to advance humanityââ¬â¢s understanding of the holocaust. The holocaust can be explained as the historical event in which the Naziââ¬â¢s, who came to power i n Germany in JanuaryRead MoreCritical Analysis : The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock895 Words à |à 4 PagesEssay Two- Critical Analysis Writing a critical analysis is diving into the text. Readers must break down all parts of the text and pin pointing the author s purpose for the writing. A very challenging poem to analysis is T.S. Eliotââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockâ⬠. It has been declared that ââ¬Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockâ⬠started that Anglo-American modernist movement with poetry. The poem was the first poem with American poetry to flow free verse. At the time, it was deemedRead MoreKen Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1629 Words à |à 7 PagesWritten in 1962, Ken Keseyââ¬â¢s One Flew Over The Cuckooââ¬â¢s Nest is a timeless classic. This novel has been subject to analysis through many different literary lenses: feminist, Marxist, and of course, psychoanalytic. One Flew Over The Cuckooââ¬â¢s Nest provides a plethora of evidence when it comes to using the psychoanalytic lens. The lens in question deals with the teaching of Sigmund Freud. When readi ng this novel, the audience sees quite clearly that the world of psychology plays an impactful role inRead MoreHow Does the Use of Setting and Imagery Affect the Readers Understanding of Dr. Jekll and Mr Hide?1190 Words à |à 5 Pagesscrutinize the setting of story as London modern city in Victorian era in association with the generic convention, asking how it helps the readers to perceive the meaning of the narrative, and more importantly, how certain effects are achieved. From this analysis, I argue that Stevenson has utilized particular function of narrative as an urban gothic fiction, in effect to exploit the Victorian anxiety of the time. The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hide is considered as a genre of urban gothic fictionRead MoreA Short Note On Traffic Signal Systems And Detection Systems1433 Words à |à 6 Pages(Video Detection) 19 Method and Concept 20 Features of the system 20 Implementation 21 Results 22 Shortcomings and Limitations 24 COMPARISON OF VEHICLE DETECTORS 25 SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30 CONCLUSION 31 REFERENCES 32 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An analysis of the three major vehicle detection system has been presented in the paper. The major results are highlighted for each of the Inductive Loop Detector, Microwave Radar and the Video Detection System. The table below illustrates some advantages and Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-40568846115905700062019-12-15T20:31:00.001-08:002019-12-15T20:31:04.527-08:00Hul -Strategies Free Essays Due to the continuous efforts of the top shampoo brands in India penetration of shampoos in urban areas is almost 100%. As far as penetration of shampoo in the rural areas is concerned it has risen by almost 18% in the current scenario. the shampoo market in India is valued at Rs 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Hul: -Strategies or any similar topic only for you Order Now 5 bn with the penetration level at 13% only. The market is expected to increase due to lower duties and aggressive marketing by players Shampoo is also available in a sachet, which is affordable and makes upto 40% of the total shampoo sale. The Indian shampoo market is characterised by a twin-benefit platform: cosmetic and anti-dandruff. It is basically an upper middle class product, as more than 50% of the consumers use ordinary toilet soap for washing hair. While the awareness level is high, the penetration level is very low even in the metros which is only 30%. Urban markets account for 80% of the total shampoo market, The penetration level is rapidly increasing due to decline in excise duty, which was 120% in 1993 to 30% currently. Hindustan Unilever Ltd led hair care sales in 2010, with a 19% value share, followed by Dabur India Ltd India, Marico Ltd and Procter Gamble Home Products Ltd India. These four companies accounted for almost 49% of value, by virtue of their strong brands in shampoos and conditioners. Consumer goods giant Hindustan Unilever today said it is looking at cornering over 13% of the shampoo market next fiscal with its leading hair care brand Dove in the next fiscal. ââ¬Å"We have already launched these products globally. Today we have launched it in this market. With this we expect to gain 13-15% market share in FY13,â⬠HUL General Manager, Hair Care Business, Piyush Jain, told PTI here. He further said, ââ¬Å"the company entered the hair care segment in 2007 and since then we have achieved a market share of 10%. â⬠The shampoo market is estimated to be around Rs 3,500 crore. To achieve the target, the company today launched its Dove nourishing oil care range of products ââ¬â oil care shampoo, daily treatment conditioner, oil care weekly vita-oils repair mask and oil care vita-oil serum ââ¬â in the premium category which contains a blend of vita oils ncluding coconut, almond and sunflower oils. Dove, which initially started as soap brand, has diversified into the hair care and antiperspirant segments recently. we have achieved a market share of 10 percent. â⬠The shampoo market is estimated to be around Rs 3,500 crore. (IBN Live oct 2011) But if HUL, the leader in shampoos with a market share of around 44% through its Sunsilk, Clinic Plus, Clinic All Clear and Dove brands, was to respond to PGââ¬â¢s move with share of 24%. apr2011 How to cite Hul: -Strategies, Papers Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-91045919741855494752019-12-07T17:15:00.001-08:002019-12-07T17:15:06.367-08:00Unemployment Types and Causes free essay sample Unemployment has been a problem in the United States since the beginning of our economic structure. The current unemployment rate fell by 0. 4 percentage point to 8. 6 percent in November. ââ¬Å"The number of unemployed persons at 13. 3 million was down by 594,000 in November. The labor force, which is the sum of the unemployed and employed was down by a little more than half that amount. â⬠(Trading Economics, 2011). There are many different types of unemployment. Frictional unemployment reflects the fact that it takes times for people to find and settle into new jobs. For example if 12 individuals each take one month before they start a new job, the unemployment statistics will record this as a single unemployed worker. Technological change will often reduce frictional unemployment. Another type of unemployment is structural; this type of unemployment reflects a mismatch between the skills and other attributes of the labor force and those demanded by employers. Natural rate of unemployment is the summation of frictional and structural Unemployment Types and Causes 3 unemployment. We will write a custom essay sample on Unemployment: Types and Causes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is the lowest rate of unemployment that a stable economy can expect to achieve seeing as some frictional and structural unemployment is inevitable. Economist does not agree on the natural rate, with estimates ranging from 1% to 5%. The estimated rate varies from country to country and from time to time. Demand deficient unemployment is another example of unemployment. In Keynesian economics, any level of unemployment beyond the natural rate is most likely due to insufficient demand in the overall economy. The cause and effects of finding work in the United States has been a hot topic because unemployment has been affecting many Americans. During the eighties and the nineties the Unites States experienced a lower level in unemployment. However, in the past few years the unemployment rate has risen over ten percent. This is the highest percentage increase in the country in over twenty years. ââ¬Å"Unemployment in America has not just affected one class of Americans, its affecting the rich, middle class, and the lower class. â⬠(Rakoczy, 2009). Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-13128775460991991132019-11-30T04:58:00.001-08:002019-11-30T04:58:04.956-08:00Pepsi and Coke Competition Porterââ¬â¢s five forces The degree of rivalry in the carbonated soft industry is highlighted by two major brands: Pepsi and Coke. These two companies account for 72% of market share while the rest of the market is covered by other organizations such as Dr. Pepper, Snapple Group and Cott Corporation.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Pepsi and Coke Competition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some private label products also contribute a small portion to the sales in this industry. Pepsi has eroded Cokeââ¬â¢s market share in the past through low prices and aggressive promotion efforts. In the 60s and 70s, Pepsi marketed itself as being the preferred brand, which caused a substantial reduction in Cokeââ¬â¢s market share. Coke on the other hand has altered its product contents and prompted Pepsi to do so as well. In terms of substitution as a Porterââ¬â¢s-five force, Coke and Pepsi have to deal with numerous substitutes for carbonated drinks. Some of them may include bottled water, juice, tap water, powdered drinks, milk, beer, spirits, sports drinks and coffee. In the past, these substitutes were not a threat because consumers stayed loyal to Pepsi and Coke. However, the substitutes are a strong factor in the industry because of health and environmental consumers. Pepsi and Coke have responded to the threat of substitutes by producing those products themselves. The firms have ventured into juice, bottled water and coffee over the past few years.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Pepsi and Cokeââ¬â¢s main buyers are bottlers, who purchase concentrate and package it in plastic or canned containers. The bottlers do not have as much power as the concentrate makers because they cannot negotiate concentrate prices. Coke has a contract that establishes maximum prices fo r its concentrate while Pepsi determines prices on the basis of the consumer price index. It often exceeds market rates and thus has the final say. Furthermore, because Coke and Pepsi give bottlers exclusive territorial rights, then bottlers cannot diversify their portfolio by selling products from competing brands. Their buyers are restricted to their either Coke or Pepsi. One of the most significant barriers to entry in the carbonated soft industry is trademark domination. Coke and Pepsi have invested substantial amounts in development of their trademarks through intense advertising, bottler support, and product development. New companies do not have the capital or ability to match such strategies. Negotiations made between the two major carbonated soft drink makers (Pepsi and Coke) and national retailers like Wal-Mart ensure that these firms dominate shelf space. New players may find it difficult to penetrate into such airtight deals. The main suppliers in the carbonated industry are high fructose corn syrup manufacturers, food coloring industrialists, citric acid producers, caffeine makers and flavor manufacturers. The citric acid or the food coloring industry has several small players who make it difficult for them to exert influence on large buyers like Coke and Pepsi. Therefore, supplier power is relatively weak in the soft drink industry.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Pepsi and Coke Competition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Responses How Coke and Pepsi compete The two companies initially competed as friendly rivals (between 1970 and the mid 1990s). Pepsi prompted Coke to avoid complacency and continually improve its business efforts. Likewise, Coke caused Pepsi to become more innovative and thus successful. This level of friendliness was permissible because both companies enjoyed increasing profits. However, that competiveness lost its agreeableness when both firms lost m arket share among the carbonated soft drink consumers. In the 1970s, Coke altered its marketing strategies in response to the efforts made by Pepsi. It changed concentrate pricing and advertising strategies when Pepsi claimed to offer a superior cola to theirs. Pepsi on the other raised the prices of its concentrate shortly after Coke did. Therefore, these companies compete through alteration of products, supply chain and distributional management and changes in marketing. Product differentiations In terms of carbonated drinks, Cokeââ¬â¢s main product was its cola brand, but it has several other flavors such as Sprite, Fanta, Diet Coke and Tab. Similarly, Pepsi also started with the cola version then introduced other flavors such as Diet Pepsi, Teem, and Mountain Dew. Both companies also diversified into non-carbonated drinks such as Minute Maid, Belmont Water and Duncan Foods for Coke and Lipton and Gatorade for Pepsi. Both firms have also introduced a number of diet products su ch as Diet Coke and Diet Pepsi. In the past decade, Pepsi and Coke have entered into the bottled water market. Regardless of large investments in various soft drink and non carbonated industries, the most successful products are still the initial ones. Pepsi Cola and Coca Cola are still the most profitable products for both organizations.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The move into unconventional drinks was driven by changes in market trends as well as pressure from the US government. Channels used by Pepsi and Coke Both companies have a distribution channel that consists of bottlers and retail channels. However, the organization of these channels differs substantially in both companies. Pepsi has a preference for retail outlets while Coke has sold its products through fountain sales (dominates 69% of this market). Nonetheless, both firms have competed for fountain sales by acquiring restaurant franchises. Coke worked hand in hand with McDonalds and Burger King while Pepsi purchased KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell. Both organizations purchased fountain equipment for these restaurants, as well. Pepsi and Coke also utilize the vending channel for distribution and have both done relatively well here. Bottlers are also a crucial part of the distribution channel for both companies. At Pepsi, deals with bottlers are more flexible, especially in terms of p ricing. Coke tends to exert greater control over prices by charging flat prices for concentrate. These organizations have retained control over their bottling networks through consolidation. Coke started by created a bottling subsidiary in 1986 that would purchase ailing bottling franchises and revive them. Currently about three quarter of Cokeââ¬â¢s bottling is handling by this subsidiary. Similarly, Pepsi also started bottling consolidation by purchasing most of its bottlers like MEI Bottling and General Cinema. Now, 56% of Pepsiââ¬â¢s bottling is done internally. Why the soft drink industry has been so profitable and whether it is changing Profitability stemmed from a number of factors. First, the distributional arrangements were made in a way that favored concentrate makers. They had control over concentrate pricing, location of bottlers as well as advertising and promotion. Pepsi and Coke were also successful because at the time, carbonated drinks were a favorite for most North Americans. Few of them had objections with the product content and there were minimal alternatives in the market. Profitability has reduced dramatically in the soft drink industry. This stems from health concerns. Numerous consumers feel that high fructose corn syrup is detrimental to their health. Government programs are designed to punish soft drink makers through excessive taxation. These charges stem from initiatives aimed at fighting obesity. Furthermore, traditional institutions, such as high schools, that sold most of Coke and Pepsiââ¬â¢s vending machines have banned them. Now the organizations have minimum distributional avenues for their products. Both firms have also ventured into non carbonated drinks such as bottled water and juices. These new ventures do not elicit as much brand loyalty as carbonated drinks. Therefore, the companies dedicated a substantial share of their resources to these new products, yet they did not enjoy anticipated returns. Non profitabi lity of products other than soft drinks affects the success of soft drinks because little capital is left to invest in them. Non profitability has also emerged from the poor management of international business. Some countries impose excessive foreign exchange controls, unfavorable trade regulations and advertizing restrictions. How Coke and Pepsi can stay profitable The major cause of concern among both organizations is the health campaign against soft drinks. Pepsi and Coke ought to identify the sources of high sugar content in its products and then work on developing alternatives. However, the companies should still maintain the taste that made those products so likeable initially. Pepsi is already doing this through its Pepsi Throwback brand and Mountain Dew Throwback brand. Now the company ought to go back to the public and inform them about the changes it has made to these products. Coke has also initiated its own changes through the use of a stevia-based additive. Aggressive marketing campaigns should be done to win back traditional clients such as school institutions. Both organizations have already realized that non-carbs have a lot of growth potential. This can be seen by their acquisition of energy drink companies as well as vitamin water firms. The two organizations now need to build their brands around these sectors by following the same strategies that they employed to make their carbonated drinks so popular. Consumers need to recognize the zero-carbs products in the same way that they recognized the other ones in the past. Although diversifying into other products is a plausible idea, these organizations should not focus on bottled water. There is minimal room for differentiation in the bottled-water industry as the product is quite basic. In fact, low differentiation explains why consumer loyalty for Coke and Pepsiââ¬â¢s water declined sharply over the past few years. Consumers tend to buy the least expensive brand if a product is not highly differentiated. Pepsi and Coke should also deal with some of the environmental concerns that customers have about their products. They need to place their products in biodegradable packages. Product development experts should also anticipate consumer complaints through market research and respond to demand before the external environment forces them to do so. The two companies need to refine their international expansion strategies. These organizations need to rethink their bottling strategies in global markets. Most North American bottling is directly handled by the companyââ¬â¢s bottling subsidiary, and this has given the company reasonable control over its product. The same model should be replicated in different international markets. This would mean that the company will not lose any of its profits to third parties who keep demanding for new things. The company should start with developed nations and then transfer consolidation to developing ones. This case study on Pepsi and Coke Competition was written and submitted by user Lesly Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-51360495242898605842019-11-26T00:43:00.001-08:002019-11-26T00:43:03.015-08:00Meet Libiro the best indie-only ebook storeMeet Libiro the best indie-only ebook store Startups in Publishing: Meet the best indie-only ebook store For the second installment of our series featuring literary-minded start-ups, this week we spoke to Ben Galley, co-founder of Libiro. Libiro is an amazing ebook store that is exclusive to indie authors and small presses.à To get in touch with Cherry, the woman with the tablet ââ¬â and Libiroââ¬â¢s #1 fan ââ¬â drop Teague an email atà teague.fullick@libiro.com Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-62065359210912701382019-11-22T08:06:00.001-08:002019-11-22T08:06:04.129-08:00Business and Professional munication Skills The updated textbook written by Beebe & Mottet addresses the skills of the business and professional munication as the core concept. It emphasise on the global leadership in todayââ¬â¢s global workplace. This is an important source as it does not bind the munication methods in limits. It explains the five fundamental principles of munication that provides a great framework of teachings. The authors has explained these principles by applying them on various professional and business contexts like interview, teams and groups, workplace relationship and presentations. The drawback of the book is that it focuses mainly on the global level example, where as some small scale organisationââ¬â¢s examples would have very useful to understand different scenarios. This reference is a great choice as a resource because it answers a number of questions that need to be answered in my report. It explains the importance of bringing in the new technology in an organisation. The best part is it takes in focus the national as well as global level petitiveness that an organisation has to face and how a new technology can help in gaining in the petition is explained thoroughly. It also explains the implementation and training support that is required for introducing the technology. The drawback of this article is that it is a general article on the introduction of the technology in the organisation and thus does not focus on the technology selected for the organisation. This newspaper article is important because it explains that in todayââ¬â¢s scenario of business how important CRM is. It explains five most important Cââ¬â¢s for a successful start-up business and that includes the CRM. It says that it doesnââ¬â¢t matter what is the size of the pany CRM is an important factor that should always be present in the pany. This article helps in giving weight to justification of using this technology in the organisation. Though, this article is related to other Cââ¬â¢s also. So, basically very less information is being given on our topic but, whatever is given is useful for the report. The report that needs to be written is to convince the management to introduce the new technology that is CRM in the organisation, and this article hammer the last nail to it. This article explains how CRM software can change leads into great opportunities. It emphasise on the use of CRM and how beneficial it will be for an organisation. This article explains the process to use CRM for the panyââ¬â¢s benefits. The article is very well-written but, lacks practicality. Some options are not very practical for all the organisations to use. This journal article is the one that explains about the new technology that needs to be introduced in the organisation. This article covers all the points required to write a report about the new technology and the questions related to it. This article focuses on explaining about the CRM software, how it will be beneficial for the pany, what are the limitation of the software, the budgeting required for it, and the other information required is also there in the article. The article has a good approach towards the subject, but it was written in 2010, some its content may have get old and therefore, not very useful. This article revolves around the procedure to find the best CRM software for an organisation. It is helpful to know what type of software will be helpful and beneficial for the pany. There are various CRM software in the market and every software has its own speciality. It b es difficult for a pany management to decide which CRM software is best suited with the panyââ¬â¢s requirements here this article helps and provide steps to find the best CRM software. Article is very helpful, but it is too long and bit difficult to understand the steps given to select the CRM. Many statements clashes with each other that confuse the person reading it. Problem- the pany wants to increase its clientele by working on to increase more online orders. Background of the problem - the pany has website that take online orders but it is not satisfied with the number of orders it is getting so the management has decided to add a new technology to reach the potential customers. Gathering of information - the information will be gathered with the help internet. Using correct keywords like ââ¬ËCRM Softwareââ¬â¢, ââ¬ËOptions of CRM softwareââ¬â¢, ââ¬ËNew technologies available for organisationsââ¬â¢, ââ¬ËHow to gain more online customers.ââ¬â¢ From all the sources available the best and most informative sources will be used to shortlist the information required to write the report. Ahmad, S. (2014). Technology in Organizations.à International Journal Of Research In Business Management,à 2(7). Beebe, S., & Mottet, T. (2013).à Business & Professional munication: Principles and Skills for Leadershipà (2nd ed.). San Marcos: Pearson. Kubi, B., & Doku, A. (2010). Towards a successful customer relationship management: A conceptual framework.à African Journal Of Marketing Management,à 2(3), 037-043. Retrieved from www.academicjournals.org Leary, B. (2015).à Determining the best CRM software for your organization.à SearchCRM. Retrieved 23 March 2017, from searchcrm.techtarget Mahalingam, T. (2016).à Startups expect five Cs from firms: coaching, customer relationship, capital, connects and cofounders, says Ravi Gururaj.à The Economic Times. Retrieved 23 March 2017, from economictimes.indiatimes Nadeau, A. (2015).à Lead Management: 5 Ways CRM Software Converts Leads Into Opportunities.Thevarguy . Retrieved 23 March 2017, from thevarguy Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-68920464318734360992019-11-20T21:45:00.001-08:002019-11-20T21:45:07.135-08:00Random Walk Theory of Share Price Movements EssayRandom Walk Theory of Share Price Movements - Essay Example A lot many efforts were made towards identifying a predictable trading pattern which could be used for chasing profitable deals. From the mid-1950s to the early 1980s, a random walk theory (RWT) of share prices was developed based on the past empirical evidence of randomness in share price movements. RWT basically stated that speculative price changes were independent and identically distributed, so that the past price data had no predictive power for future share price movements. RWT also stated that the distribution of price changes from transaction to transaction had finite variance. In addition, if transactions were fairly uniformly spread across time and were large in numbers, then the Central Limit Theorem suggested that the price changes would be normally distributed. Kendall (1953) calculated the first differences of twenty-two different speculative price series at weekly intervals from 486 to 2,387 terms. He concluded that the random changes from one term to the next were la rge and obfuscated any systematic effect which may be present. In fact, he stated that 'the data behaved almost like a wandering series' (random walk). Specifically, an analysis of share price movement revealed little serial correlation, with the conclusion that there was very little predictability of movements in share prices for a week ahead without extraneous information. In 1959, Roberts generated a pattern of market levels and changes akin to actual levels and changes in the Dow Jones Industrial Index. He estimated the probability of different share price movements over time by using a frequency distribution of historical changes in the weekly market index, and assumed weekly changes were independently drawn from a normal distribution with a mean of + 0.5 and a standard deviation of 5.0. He concluded that changes in security prices behaved as if they had been generated by a simple chance model .The fundamental concept behind random walk theory is that competition in perfect mar kets would remove excess economic profits, except from those parties who exercised some degree of market monopoly. This meant that a trader with specialized information about future events could profit from the monopolistic access to information, but that fundamental and technical analysts who rely on past information should not expect to have speculative gains.From the theory of random walks arose the theory of efficient markets. The Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) states that current prices always 'fully reflect' available information, so that the only reason prices change between time t and time t+1 is the arrival of new information. The EMH requires that only two necessary conditions be met. First, the market must be aware of all available information .The type of information available is determined by the strength of the EMH being tested. In a Weak Form EMH, current prices entirely reflect all that can be known from the study of historical prices and trading volumes. If the Weak Form is valid, technical Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-77420626049015407172019-11-19T01:52:00.001-08:002019-11-19T01:52:03.225-08:00Comparative analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsComparative analysis - Assignment Example Transcript analysis is a method that has the ability to overcome this problem. The method of analysis is important in that it also assists in identification of anticancer drugs. Cancer is a disease that has developed and spread among the human population over time. The problem has grown because with the advent of technology there has come various new activities and products that have a high cancer causing effect. The issue has spread so wide that the pharmaceutical world has also had problems. In the manufacture of various drugs that enable people to resist cancer-causing effects, some of them end up obtaining cancer. Transcript analysis is a method that is used to identify effective pills with well laid out formulas that ensure effective protection from these cancer-causing cells (Maslin, 2007). Rather than assisting in the identification and analysis of some of these chemicals, the ATP binding cassette is imperative in that it helps in the process of transportation. The major difference between ATP and transcript analysis is that point and despite the varying in responsibilities, the two are very important in the microbiology field. ATP is imperative in that it assists in the transport of some of the necessary products in a living thing from one section of its molecular structure to another where it is required to ensure optimum performance of the organism. It is imperative to understand that despite the varying responsibilities carried out by these two agents, there are points at which they become common. One of these points is with regard to metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering is the aspect through which scientists use transcript analysis of the various plants to identify their genetic structure for the greater understanding of biology and for imperative research. It is critical to know that this method is also used in ATP. Initially, it was difficult for scientists to come Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-10096530680027468962019-11-16T14:24:00.001-08:002019-11-16T14:24:04.599-08:00Marketing Segmentation Essay Example for Free Marketing Segmentation Essay 1. Geographical segmentation: The market is divided according to geographic criteria like nation, state, religion, countries etc. Geographic data create accurate profile of specific. For eg: in rainy season sells rainy clothes (like raincoat, umbrella etc) 2. Demographic segmentation: it divide to the market into groups according to variable in age, family, gender, size of family, income of the consumers etc 3. Psychographic segmentation: It is a science which use in better understands all consumers according to their life style, personality, value and social-class. I am doing job in Bajaj Company, after this company has monopolised in almost all field either in the field of manufacturing bikes or bulb, tube light etc. Earlier, the customers were not fond of verities because there were not too many verities in the market and less competitions, but, in present time a huge competition has been taken place that for survive in the market every companies should be update with their products, otherwise rival companies will lead them. If we talk about the bike fashion we see that our youngsters like those bikes which must not be strong in pickup (60 km/h with few minutes) as well as good looking means it looks different from others, besides this, old agers want those bikes which run comfortably that they ride normally, to keep this in their mind all companies like hero Honda release many bikes like Hero stunner, CBZ, Karizma for young generations. While, for old agers they released Slender, Passion, CD dawn etc, in same pattern Yamaha release Yamaha R15 which cost is almost Rs. 15,000 in present time, but give a good look which attract the customers. So, after much research on these companies, Bajaj Company wants to release such bike series which is not only for young as well as senior can use it, so this company manufactured lots of bikes Pulsar and discover series for youngsters which not only good looking but also having that price which every customers can afford and easily buy the products and it also give good mileage than others companies bike, and from the point of view senior, whose ages is 40 years and above, they release Platina with self start facilities which is easy in riding. By all these information I want to describe that Bajaj Company segmented it products in various categories according to customersââ¬â¢ demand thatââ¬â¢s why this company is going extremely good and successful in satisfied to consumers. If we talking about bulb, tube lights, this company manufactured the bulbs, CFLs, tube lights which not give perfect light but also take few electricity and go long times. Especially CFLs which cost are high but it work beyond one years and it takes less electricity and give light so much as a 40 watt tube light gives. There are many designs of CFLs has been released in the market which selling is more than bulbs and tube lights. So according to customerââ¬â¢s choice and willing Bajaj Company put down stylish CFLs in the market which attract consumers with its designs but also reduce the electric bill of customers and supplies good light over all houses. So like this the company segmented it electric accessories in various styles, according to customers willing and choice. Marketing Plan Marketing plan is a marketing strategy which involves marketing plans for a firmââ¬â¢s marketing activities. Marketing planning process is process of business planning; in marketing plan all the firmââ¬â¢s keep an eye on all marketing activities as well as competitors and they also come to know the view of the customers about their products like they are satisfied with their products or not, if not, know the reason of disliking and what they want improve in the products etc, because satisfaction of consumers is very important, after all whole marketing processes and successes are depend only upon customers. They are the important part of business. For e. g. if we talking about auto mobile all companies like Hero Honda, Yamaha, Bajaj etc, manufactured ordinary bikes( like Hero Honda released CD 100 later Splendour , Yamaha CX 100 and Bajaj released scooters and later Bajaj Boxer) but, there were some problems and deficiency took place in the bikes like the capacity of the engine was not good that was giving low mileage, pick up was ordinary and ordinary looks etc, after looking and analysing all problems of customers all companies manufactured those bikes which are giving good mileage, capacity of engine is very good and all are stylish as customers wanted. For e. g. :- Bajaj released discover series, pulsar series, Hero Honda released Passion, Passion plus, CBZ, Karizma etc, Yamaha released Yamaha R15 (but it is too costly), TVS manufactured Apache etc. Beside these, all companies also release scooty for college going girls. Because they knew that all ladies canââ¬â¢t ride the bikes thatââ¬â¢s why to keep in mind the facilities of girls they produced scooty which is very light with self start facilities, without gears. These products became very popular among the girls, not girls even boy also taking ride of the scooty many times. Like this all companies conduct a SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats) means they research on the behaviour, likes, dislikes, what are the deficiencies in the product, what else and what new their customers want in their products and what other companies provided to customers and do better than them. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-857645759759703726.post-40388462782117533082019-11-14T02:56:00.001-08:002019-11-14T02:56:03.580-08:00Slim and George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays In the novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbek, there are several characters that make the book as interesting as it is.à For example, Slim and George are two characters who are alike in some ways, yet are different in many others.à They both want to be leaders, but only one of them can.à George and Slim have many characteristics, but there are reasons why Slim is considered a leader by his co-workers and George is not. à George is an ordinary man, unlike Lennie who is mentally retarded.à He promotes moral responsibility unlike Lennie or Curleyââ¬â¢s wife. His need for companionship exceeds the generally accepted traditional remedies for loneliness.à He has some major physical characteristics that are noted by many people, which are restless eyes, strong small hands, thin arms, and a bony nose. à Slim is the moral judge of the bunkhouse.à He is a skilled workman.à With being the skilled workman that he is, he can gain acceptance by not claiming anything, but by just being himself.à That causes him to be a figure of integrity for many people.à Furthermore, Slim can be very concerned and helpful.à For example, Slim immediately thinks of getting a doctor for Curley, when Lennie crushes his hand. à There are many reasons why George is not a leader.à For example, he is always thinking about the future.à For example, he constantly asks himself questions such as, where will they work next?à Will he ever get his dream?à How can he protect Lennie from doing bad things?à Another reason for George not being a leader is because he works fairly well, but he does not stand out. That does not provide himself with any pride or satisfaction, therefore he has to look somewhere else for those qualities.à à There are many reasons why Slim is a leader.à For example, Slim is the only had who appears to have a self-confident direction.à Another reason is because he has a reputation for craftsmanship.à That provides him with a source of pride and satisfaction.à When Slim receives the pride and satisfaction, he does not throw superiority in his partnerââ¬â¢s faces.à That is why Slim is respected and viewed as a leader by his partners. Slim and George in John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays In the novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbek, there are several characters that make the book as interesting as it is.à For example, Slim and George are two characters who are alike in some ways, yet are different in many others.à They both want to be leaders, but only one of them can.à George and Slim have many characteristics, but there are reasons why Slim is considered a leader by his co-workers and George is not. à George is an ordinary man, unlike Lennie who is mentally retarded.à He promotes moral responsibility unlike Lennie or Curleyââ¬â¢s wife. His need for companionship exceeds the generally accepted traditional remedies for loneliness.à He has some major physical characteristics that are noted by many people, which are restless eyes, strong small hands, thin arms, and a bony nose. à Slim is the moral judge of the bunkhouse.à He is a skilled workman.à With being the skilled workman that he is, he can gain acceptance by not claiming anything, but by just being himself.à That causes him to be a figure of integrity for many people.à Furthermore, Slim can be very concerned and helpful.à For example, Slim immediately thinks of getting a doctor for Curley, when Lennie crushes his hand. à There are many reasons why George is not a leader.à For example, he is always thinking about the future.à For example, he constantly asks himself questions such as, where will they work next?à Will he ever get his dream?à How can he protect Lennie from doing bad things?à Another reason for George not being a leader is because he works fairly well, but he does not stand out. That does not provide himself with any pride or satisfaction, therefore he has to look somewhere else for those qualities.à à There are many reasons why Slim is a leader.à For example, Slim is the only had who appears to have a self-confident direction.à Another reason is because he has a reputation for craftsmanship.à That provides him with a source of pride and satisfaction.à When Slim receives the pride and satisfaction, he does not throw superiority in his partnerââ¬â¢s faces.à That is why Slim is respected and viewed as a leader by his partners. Alivia Placehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12805251603271390947noreply@blogger.com0